Hemolytic anemia resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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== Overview ==
== Overview ==
*[[Anemia]] is defined as a decrease in [[red blood cell]] population in the body.
*[[Anemia]] is defined as a decrease in [[red blood cell]] population in the body.Hemolytic anemia results from a destruction of RBCs which is faster than the [[bone marrow]] production of them. Hemolysis can be due to either extravascular or intravascular destruction of cells<ref name="pmid30215915">{{cite journal| author=Phillips J, Henderson AC| title=Hemolytic Anemia: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis. | journal=Am Fam Physician | year= 2018 | volume= 98 | issue= 6 | pages= 354-361 | pmid=30215915 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30215915  }} </ref>.  
*Hemolytic anemia results from a destruction of RBCs which is faster than the [[bone marrow]] production of them. Hemolysis can be due to either extravascular or intravascular destruction of cells<ref name="pmid30215915">{{cite journal| author=Phillips J, Henderson AC| title=Hemolytic Anemia: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis. | journal=Am Fam Physician | year= 2018 | volume= 98 | issue= 6 | pages= 354-361 | pmid=30215915 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30215915  }} </ref>.  
*It is caused due to a wide variety of reasons which include inherited diseases like [[thalassemia]], [[sickle cell disease]] etc, infections, autoimmune conditions, bone marrow dysfunction, [[blood transfusion]]s and certain drugs can also result in hemolytic anemia <ref name="pmid28648734">{{cite journal| author=Renard D, Rosselet A| title=Drug-induced hemolytic anemia: Pharmacological aspects. | journal=Transfus Clin Biol | year= 2017 | volume= 24 | issue= 3 | pages= 110-114 | pmid=28648734 | doi=10.1016/j.tracli.2017.05.013 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28648734  }} </ref>.
*It is caused due to a wide variety of reasons which include inherited diseases like [[thalassemia]], [[sickle cell disease]] etc, infections, autoimmune conditions, bone marrow dysfunction, [[blood transfusion]]s and certain drugs can also result in hemolytic anemia <ref name="pmid28648734">{{cite journal| author=Renard D, Rosselet A| title=Drug-induced hemolytic anemia: Pharmacological aspects. | journal=Transfus Clin Biol | year= 2017 | volume= 24 | issue= 3 | pages= 110-114 | pmid=28648734 | doi=10.1016/j.tracli.2017.05.013 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28648734  }} </ref>.
* Most common presenting symptoms are [[fatigue]], [[palpitations]], [[dyspnea]], [[tachycardia]] and [[icterus]] in severe cases.  
* Most common presenting symptoms are [[fatigue]], [[palpitations]], [[dyspnea]], [[tachycardia]] and [[icterus]] in severe cases.  

Revision as of 15:32, 30 July 2020

Hemolytic anemia
Resident Survival Guide
Overview
Causes
FIRE
Diagnosis
Treatment
Do's
Don'ts


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];

Overview

Causes

  • Intraerythrocytic causes
  1. Membrane cytoskeletal defects[4]
  2. Enzyme defects
  3. Hemoglobinopathies
  4. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
  • Extraerythrocytic causes
    • Immune causes
  1. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  2. Isoimmune hemolytic anemia
  3. Drug induced hemolytic anemia
    • Non-immune causes
  1. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  2. Macroangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  3. Infections/ Toxins
  4. Hypersplenism
  5. Liver disease

FIRE

Diagnosis

Treatment

Do's

Don'ts

References

  1. ↑ Phillips J, Henderson AC (2018). "Hemolytic Anemia: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis". Am Fam Physician. 98 (6): 354–361. PMID 30215915.
  2. ↑ Renard D, Rosselet A (2017). "Drug-induced hemolytic anemia: Pharmacological aspects". Transfus Clin Biol. 24 (3): 110–114. doi:10.1016/j.tracli.2017.05.013. PMID 28648734.
  3. ↑ Morishita E (2015). "[Diagnosis and treatment of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia]". Rinsho Ketsueki. 56 (7): 795–806. doi:10.11406/rinketsu.56.795. PMID 26251142.
  4. ↑ Barcellini W, Bianchi P, Fermo E, Imperiali FG, Marcello AP, Vercellati C; et al. (2011). "Hereditary red cell membrane defects: diagnostic and clinical aspects". Blood Transfus. 9 (3): 274–7. doi:10.2450/2011.0086-10. PMC 3136593. PMID 21251470.
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