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{{Drugbox|
{{Drugbox
|IUPAC_name = 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-cinnamyl-piperazine
| Watchedfields = changed
| image=Flunarizine structure.svg
| verifiedrevid = 443822137
| CAS_number=52468-60-7
| IUPAC_name = 1-[''bis''(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-[(2''E'')-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-yl]piperazine
| ATC_prefix=N07
| image = Flunarizine Wiki Str.png
| ATC_suffix=CA03
 
| ATC_supplemental=
 
| PubChem=941361
<!--Clinical data-->
| DrugBank=
| tradename =
| C=26|H=26|F=2|N=2
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|CONS|flunarizine}}
| molecular_weight = 404.495
| pregnancy_category =
| bioavailability=  
| legal_status =
| metabolism =  
| routes_of_administration =
| elimination_half-life=
 
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability =
| metabolism =
| excretion =   
| excretion =   
| pregnancy_category =  
 
| legal_status =  
<!--Identifiers-->
| routes_of_administration=  
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 52468-60-7
| ATC_prefix = N07
| ATC_suffix = CA03
| PubChem = 941361
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB04841
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 819216
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = R7PLA2DM0J
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D07971
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 30008
 
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=26 | H=26 | F=2 | N=2
| molecular_weight = 404.495
| smiles = Fc1ccc(cc1)C(c2ccc(F)cc2)N3CCN(CC3)C\C=C\c4ccccc4
| InChI = 1/C26H26F2N2/c27-24-12-8-22(9-13-24)26(23-10-14-25(28)15-11-23)30-19-17-29(18-20-30)16-4-7-21-5-2-1-3-6-21/h1-15,26H,16-20H2/b7-4+
| InChIKey = SMANXXCATUTDDT-QPJJXVBHBH
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C26H26F2N2/c27-24-12-8-22(9-13-24)26(23-10-14-25(28)15-11-23)30-19-17-29(18-20-30)16-4-7-21-5-2-1-3-6-21/h1-15,26H,16-20H2/b7-4+
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = SMANXXCATUTDDT-QPJJXVBHSA-N
| synonyms = <small>1-[''bis''(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-cinnamyl-piperazine</small>
}}
}}


'''Flunarizine''' is a drug classified as a [[calcium channel blocker]]. Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with [[calmodulin]] binding properties and [[histamine]] H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of [[migraine]], occlusive [[peripheral vascular disease]], [[vertigo (medical)|vertigo]] of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of [[epilepsy]]. It may help to reduce the severity and duration of attacks of paralysis associated with the more serious form of [[alternating hemiplegia]]. Flunarizine was discovered at [[Janssen Pharmaceutica]] in [[1967]].
'''Flunarizine''' is a drug classified as a [[calcium channel blocker]].<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1987188/ Calium channel blocker]</ref> Flunarizine is a non-selective calcium entry blocker with other actions including [[histamine]] H<sub>1</sub> receptor blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of [[migraine]],<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6343298 Effective in migraine]</ref> occlusive [[peripheral vascular disease]], [[vertigo (medical)|vertigo]] of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of [[epilepsy]]. It may help to reduce the severity and duration of attacks of paralysis associated with the more serious form of [[alternating hemiplegia]], as well as being effective in rapid onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP).  Both these conditions share a mutation in the ATP13A gene; flunarizine is not available by prescription in the U.S. or Japan.<ref>[http://www.neurology.org/content/82/6/468.full ATP13A mutation,and response to flunarizine]</ref> Flunarizine has been shown to significantly reduce headache frequency and severity in both adults and children. Flunarizine was discovered at [[Janssen Pharmaceutica]] in 1968.
 
==Side effects and contraindications==
Flunarizine has some side effects including weight gain, extrapyramidal effects, drowsiness and [[Depression (mood)|depression]], it is [[contraindicated]] in hypotension, heart failure and arrhythmia.
Flunarizine use is avoided in patients with depression, severe [[constipation]] or those with [[extrapyramidal system|extrapyramidal]] disorders.


==References==
==References==
* Van Nueten JM, Janssen PA., Comparative study of the effects of flunarizine and cinnarizine on smooth muscles and cardiac tissues, Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1973 Jul;204(1):37-55.
{{reflist}}
* Amery WK., Flunarizine, a calcium channel blocker: a new prophylactic drug in migraine, Headache. 1983 Mar;23(2):70-4.
 
==External References==
* Therapeutic Choices, sixth edition, [[Canadian Pharmacists Association]], 2011.
 
{{Antivertigo preparations}}
{{Channel blockers}}
{{Depressogenics}}


{{Calcium channel blockers}}
[[Category:Calcium channel blockers]]
[[Category:Calcium channel blockers]]
{{pharma-stub}}
[[Category:Depressogenics]]
{{Antivertigo preparations}}
[[Category:Piperazines]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Category:Organofluorides]]
[[Category:Janssen Pharmaceutica]]
[[Category:Belgian inventions]]
 
{{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}
{{nervous-system-drug-stub}}

Latest revision as of 20:02, 6 April 2015

Flunarizine
Clinical data
Synonyms1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-cinnamyl-piperazine
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex Detailed Consumer Information
ATC code
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
E number{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC26H26F2N2
Molar mass404.495
3D model (JSmol)
  (verify)

Flunarizine is a drug classified as a calcium channel blocker.[1] Flunarizine is a non-selective calcium entry blocker with other actions including histamine H1 receptor blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine,[2] occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy. It may help to reduce the severity and duration of attacks of paralysis associated with the more serious form of alternating hemiplegia, as well as being effective in rapid onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP). Both these conditions share a mutation in the ATP13A gene; flunarizine is not available by prescription in the U.S. or Japan.[3] Flunarizine has been shown to significantly reduce headache frequency and severity in both adults and children. Flunarizine was discovered at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1968.

Side effects and contraindications

Flunarizine has some side effects including weight gain, extrapyramidal effects, drowsiness and depression, it is contraindicated in hypotension, heart failure and arrhythmia. Flunarizine use is avoided in patients with depression, severe constipation or those with extrapyramidal disorders.

References

  1. ↑ Calium channel blocker
  2. ↑ Effective in migraine
  3. ↑ ATP13A mutation,and response to flunarizine

External References

Template:Antivertigo preparations Template:Channel blockers Template:Depressogenics

Template:Cardiovascular-drug-stub Template:Nervous-system-drug-stub

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