Fasciolosis causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Causes
Fasciolosis is caused by two digenetic trematodes F. hepatica and F. gigantica. Adult flukes of both species are localized in the bile ducts of the liver or gallbladder. F. hepatica measures 2 to 3 cm and has a cosmopolitan distribution. F. gigantica measures 4 to 10 cm in length and the distribution of the species is limited to the tropics and has been recorded in Africa, the Middle East, Eastern Europe and south and eastern Asia.[1] In domestic livestock in Japan, diploid (2n = 20), triploid (3n = 30) and chimeric flukes (2n/3n) have been described, many of which reproduce parthenogenetically. As a result of this unclear classification, flukes in Japan are normally referred to as Fasciola spp..[2] Recent reports based on mitochondrial genes analysis has shown that Japanese Fasciola spp. is more closely related to F. gigantica than to F. hepatica.[3] In India, a species called F. jacksoni was described in elephants.[4]
References
- ↑
- ↑ Sakaguchi, Y., 1980. Karyotype and gametogenesis of the common liver fluke, Fasciola sp., in Japan. Jap. J. Parasitol. 29, 507–513.
- ↑ Itagaki, T., Tsutsumi, K., 1998. Triploid form of Fasciola in Japan: genetic relationships between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica determined by ITS-2 sequence of the nuclear rDNA. Int. J. Parasitol. 28, 777–781.
- ↑ Singh, K.P., Srivastava, V.K., Prasad, A. and Pandey, A.P., 1994. Pathology due to Fasciola jacksoni in Indian elephants Elephas indicus. Ind. J. Anim. Scien. 64, 802–804.