Esophagitis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
If left untreated, 20% of patients with | If left untreated, 20% of patients with esophagitis may progress to develop [[esophageal stricture]] due to excessive [[acid]] in the [[Esophagus|lower esophagus]]. Common complications of esophagitis include [[esophageal ulcer]], and [[esophageal]] [[adenocarcinoma]]. Prognosis of esophagitis is generally good with appropriate treatment. | ||
==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
* If left untreated, 20% of patients with esophagitis may progress to develop [[esophageal stricture]] due to excessive [[acid]] in the [[Esophagus|lower esophagus]]..<ref name="pmid10780569">{{cite journal| author=Sonnenberg A, El-Serag HB| title=Clinical epidemiology and natural history of gastroesophageal reflux disease. | journal=Yale J Biol Med | year= 1999 | volume= 72 | issue= 2-3 | pages= 81-92 | pmid=10780569 | doi= | pmc=2579001 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10780569 }}</ref> | |||
* If left untreated, [[ | * Symptoms often persist for years in eosinophilic esophagitis raising suspicion of a underlying [[Chronic (medical)|chronic]] [[inflammatory process|inflammatory disease process]]. | ||
* [[ | * The [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] activity is proportional to the density of the [[eosinophilic]] infiltration in the [[esophageal]] tissue. | ||
* Similar to [[asthma]], [[Eosinophilic esophagitis|EoE]] has [[Chronic (medical)|chronic]] persistent [[eosinophilic]] [[inflammation]] and can eventually lead to [[irreversible]] structural changes of the [[esophagus]] which is called re-modeling of the [[esophagus]]. | |||
* The [[esophageal]] [[Mucosal|mucosa]] in patients with a longstanding [[EoE]] is characterized by a loss of elasticity. | |||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
Common complications of [[esophagitis]] include:<ref name="pmid15929752">{{cite journal| author=El-Serag HB, Graham DY, Satia JA, Rabeneck L| title=Obesity is an independent risk factor for GERD symptoms and erosive esophagitis. | journal=Am J Gastroenterol | year= 2005 | volume= 100 | issue= 6 | pages= 1243-50 | pmid=15929752 | doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.41703.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15929752 }}</ref> | |||
*[[Esophageal ulcer]] | |||
* [[Esophageal ulcer]] | |||
* [[Esophageal]] [[adenocarcinoma]] | * [[Esophageal]] [[adenocarcinoma]] | ||
* Esophageal scarring / stenois resulting in progressive dysphagia | |||
* Tears of perforation during endoscopy or retching leading to boerhaave syndrome | |||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
* | * Prognosis of esophagitis is generally excellent with appropriate treatment. | ||
* The majority of people respond to non-surgical measures, with lifestyle changes and [[medications]]. However, many patients need | * The majority of people respond to non-surgical measures, with lifestyle changes and [[medications]]. However, many patients need to take medications to control their symptoms. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:41, 29 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
If left untreated, 20% of patients with esophagitis may progress to develop esophageal stricture due to excessive acid in the lower esophagus. Common complications of esophagitis include esophageal ulcer, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Prognosis of esophagitis is generally good with appropriate treatment.
Natural History
- If left untreated, 20% of patients with esophagitis may progress to develop esophageal stricture due to excessive acid in the lower esophagus..[1]
- Symptoms often persist for years in eosinophilic esophagitis raising suspicion of a underlying chronic inflammatory disease process.
- The inflammatory activity is proportional to the density of the eosinophilic infiltration in the esophageal tissue.
- Similar to asthma, EoE has chronic persistent eosinophilic inflammation and can eventually lead to irreversible structural changes of the esophagus which is called re-modeling of the esophagus.
- The esophageal mucosa in patients with a longstanding EoE is characterized by a loss of elasticity.
Complications
Common complications of esophagitis include:[2]
- Esophageal ulcer
- Esophageal adenocarcinoma
- Esophageal scarring / stenois resulting in progressive dysphagia
- Tears of perforation during endoscopy or retching leading to boerhaave syndrome
Prognosis
- Prognosis of esophagitis is generally excellent with appropriate treatment.
- The majority of people respond to non-surgical measures, with lifestyle changes and medications. However, many patients need to take medications to control their symptoms.
References
- ↑ Sonnenberg A, El-Serag HB (1999). "Clinical epidemiology and natural history of gastroesophageal reflux disease". Yale J Biol Med. 72 (2–3): 81–92. PMC 2579001. PMID 10780569.
- ↑ El-Serag HB, Graham DY, Satia JA, Rabeneck L (2005). "Obesity is an independent risk factor for GERD symptoms and erosive esophagitis". Am J Gastroenterol. 100 (6): 1243–50. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.41703.x. PMID 15929752.