Esophagitis historical perspective
|
Esophagitis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Esophagitis historical perspective On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Esophagitis historical perspective |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Esophagitis historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ajay Gade MD[2]]
Overview
Esophagitis is believed to be first described and treated by the ancient Egyptians according to the papyrus which was discovered by Edwin Smith at Thebes. The esophagus was first named by the ancient Greeks as "oisophagos” at which “oiso” means carry and “phagema” means food. Friedenwald, and Feldman was the first to give a detailed description of the constellation of symptoms for GERD in 1925. Robbins and Jankelson used the radiological procedures to observe GERD in 1926. In 1981, Picus and Frank reported a case of a 16-year-old boy with progressive dysphagia for 1.5 years, endoscopic findings were suggestive of multiple 1-mm nodular filling defects in the esophagus in an area of stricture with dilatation above. The radiology showed a luminal narrowing, wall rigidity, and high circulating eosinophil count assumed to be a variant of eosinophilic gastroenteritis.
Historical Perspective
The historical perspective of the esophagitis is as the follows:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
- The esophagus was first named by the ancient Greeks as "oisophagos” at which “oiso” means carry and “phagema” means food.[11]
- In 1541, Gyudon was the first to give a detailed description of the esophagus and its function.
- In 1704, Anton Maria Valsalva published an article where he described the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES was first named as cardiac sphincter as it is very near to the heart.
- In 1862, the American Egyptologist Edwin Smith discovered a papyrus at Thebes. This papyrus, which was named after him, contain 48 cases of different illnesses and their treatment.
- In 1930, the Edwin Smith papyrus was translated by Henry Breasted. Among the 48 cases, the case number 28 was titled with “Instructions concerning a wound in his throat” which was most probably a case of GERD.
- In 1925, Friedenwald and Feldman described the presenting symptoms of GERD. They described the association between the symptoms of GERD and the presence of hiatus hernia.
- In 1926, Robbins and Jankelson was the first to use radiological procedures to diagnose esophagitis.
- In 1978, Landres et al reported an isolated case of vigorous achalasia and concluded that this was a variant of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a patient with marked hypertrophy and eosinophilic infiltration of esophagus.
- In 1981, Picus and Frank reported a case of a 16-year-old boy with progressive dysphagia for 1.5 years, endoscopic findings were suggestive of multiple 1-mm nodular filling defects in the esophagus in an area of stricture with dilatation above.
- The radiology showed a luminal narrowing, wall rigidity, and high circulating eosinophil count assumed to be a variant of eosinophilic gastroenteritis.
- In 1982, Münch et al and in 1983, Matzinger and Daneman both described isolated cases of esophageal eosinophilia with dysphagia in patients with assumed eosinophilic gastroenteritis.
- In 1985, Feczko et al reported 3 cases of eosinophilic infiltration of esophagus, with 2 of the patients showing eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Two out of the three patients developed esophageal stricture secondary to submucosal fibrosis.
- In 1985, eosinophilic infiltration was reported in esophageal mucosal biopsy of 11 patients with average age of 14.6 years. These patients had reflux symptoms and their eosinophil density was low. In retrospect, these were probably patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
- In 1989, Attwood et al described esophageal asthma, an episodic dysphagia with eosinophilic infiltrates.
- These investigators compared a group of 15 adults who presented with dysphagia without esophageal obstruction and normal pH monitoring to a group of 100 adults with GERD as defined by increased acid exposure in the distal esophagus.
- The characteristics in pediatric EoE appeared to reflect greater amounts of regurgitation and failure to thrive, while the typical presentation in adults with EoE was dysphagia and food impaction.
- In 2003 the chronic nature of the natural history of EoE was described by Straumann et after the follow-up of 30 adults with EoE.
References
- ↑ Landres RT, Kuster GG, Strum WB (1978). "Eosinophilic esophagitis in a patient with vigorous achalasia". Gastroenterology. 74 (6): 1298–1301. PMID 648822.
- ↑ Picus D, Frank PH (1981). "Eosinophilic esophagitis". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 136 (5): 1001–3. doi:10.2214/ajr.136.5.1001. PMID 6784497.
- ↑ Matzinger MA, Daneman A (1983). "Esophageal involvement in eosinophilic gastroenteritis". Pediatr Radiol. 13 (1): 35–8. PMID 6844053.
- ↑ Feczko PJ, Halpert RD, Zonca M (1985). "Radiographic abnormalities in eosinophilic esophagitis". Gastrointest Radiol. 10 (4): 321–4. PMID 4054495.
- ↑ Lee RG (1985). "Marked eosinophilia in esophageal mucosal biopsies". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 9 (7): 475–9. PMID 4091182.
- ↑ Attwood SE, Smyrk TC, Demeester TR, Jones JB (1993). "Esophageal eosinophilia with dysphagia. A distinct clinicopathologic syndrome". Dig. Dis. Sci. 38 (1): 109–16. PMID 8420741.
- ↑ Straumann A, Spichtin HP, Bernoulli R, Loosli J, Vögtlin J (1994). "[Idiopathic eosinophilic esophagitis: a frequently overlooked disease with typical clinical aspects and discrete endoscopic findings]". Schweiz Med Wochenschr (in German). 124 (33): 1419–29. PMID 7939509.
- ↑ Kelly KJ, Lazenby AJ, Rowe PC, Yardley JH, Perman JA, Sampson HA (1995). "Eosinophilic esophagitis attributed to gastroesophageal reflux: improvement with an amino acid-based formula". Gastroenterology. 109 (5): 1503–12. PMID 7557132.
- ↑ Straumann A, Spichtin HP, Grize L, Bucher KA, Beglinger C, Simon HU (2003). "Natural history of primary eosinophilic esophagitis: a follow-up of 30 adult patients for up to 11.5 years". Gastroenterology. 125 (6): 1660–9. PMID 14724818.
- ↑ Straumann A, Spichtin HP, Grize L, Bucher KA, Beglinger C, Simon HU (2003). "Natural history of primary eosinophilic esophagitis: a follow-up of 30 adult patients for up to 11.5 years". Gastroenterology. 125 (6): 1660–9. PMID 14724818.
- ↑ Granderath, Frank A.; Kamolz, Thomas; Pointner, Rudolph (2006). doi:10.1007/3-211-32317-1. Missing or empty
|title=(help)