Diastolic dysfunction causes: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
 
(21 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Diastolic dysfunction}}
{{Diastolic dysfunction}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[User:Rim Halaby|Rim Halaby]]
==Overview==
==Overview==
[[Diastolic dysfunction]] is the mechanical abnormality of the heart to properly relax and fill with blood during [[diastole]]. Several medical conditions may lead to diastolic dysfunction and they include impaired myocardial relaxation, increased myocardial stiffness and extrinsic constraint on the heart.
[[Diastolic dysfunction]] is the mechanical abnormality of the heart to properly relax and fill with blood during [[diastole]]. Several medical conditions may cause this to occur; namely cardiovascular conditions, genetic conditions, pulmonary conditions, rheumatologic conditions, and [[diabetes]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
*'''1- Impaired extent and/or speed of myocardial relaxation:'''
 
**Myocardial relaxation is an ATP dependent process regulated by the rate of re-uptake of cytoplasmic calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
===Causes by Organ System===
**Low concentration of calcium, as seen in [[ischemia]], is associated with a slowed down myocardial relaxation.
{|style="width:70%; height:100px" border="1"
*'''2- Increased myocardial stiffness:'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
**Myocardial stiffness can be secondary to cardiac muscle hypertrophy (for example as seen in [[hypertension]])
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
**Myocardial stiffness can be the result of [[infiltrative diseases]] like [[amyloidosis]].
|-
**Scarred heart muscle,occurring after a heart attack, scars are relatively stiff.
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
**[[Diabetes]] can be a cause of cardiac stiffness as a result of [[glycosylation]] of the heart muscle.
| '''Cardiovascular'''
*'''3- Extrinsic constraints:'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aortic stenosis]]; [[Constrictive pericarditis]]; [[Effusive-constrictive pericarditis]]; [[Hypertrophic heart diseases]]; [[Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]] ([[HOCM]]); [[Ischemia]]; [[Mitral stenosis]]; [[Myocardial infarction]] and scar; [[Pericardial effusion]]; [[Restrictive cardiomyopathy]]; [[Systolic dysfunction]]
**Extrinsic constraints can be seen in pericardial compression
|-
*'''4- Chamber dilatation:'''
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
**Severe systolic dysfunction that has led to ventricular dilation can be associated with diastolic dysfunction. When the ventricle has been stretched to a certain point, any further attempt to stretch it more, as by blood trying to enter it from the left atrium, meets with increased resistance and thus decrease compliance.
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
*5'''- Miscelleneous:'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
**In [[mitral stenosis]], blood cannot readily flow out from the [[left atrium]] into the [[left ventricle]] since the valve between those two heart chambers is blocked which causes the blood to back up into the left atrium and, eventually, the lungs. [[Pulmonary edema]] may result.
|-
**Diastolic dysunction secondary to [[mitral stenosis]] is especially seen when the heart rate is elevated, as occurs in [[exercise]] and [[pregnancy]]. Thus, there will be insufficient time for the blood to traverse the narrowed passageway (i.e. [[mitral valve]]) between the [[left atrium]] and [[left ventricle]].<ref>Mann D.L., Chakinala M. (2012). Chapter 234. Heart Failure and Cor Pulmonale. In D.L. Longo, A.S. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, J.L. Jameson, J. Loscalzo (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e.</ref>
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabetes]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]] ([[HOCM]])
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Glycogen storage disease]]; [[Hemochromatosis]]; [[Amyloidosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Sarcoidosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypereosinophilic syndrome]]; [[Sarcoidosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}
 
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Aortic stenosis]]
*[[Constrictive pericarditis]]
*[[Diabetes]]
*[[Effusive-constrictive pericarditis]]
*[[Glycogen storage disease]]
*[[Hemochromatosis]]
*[[Hypereosinophilic syndrome]]
*[[Hypertrophic heart diseases]](for example, as seen in [[hypertension]])
*[[Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]] ([[HOCM]])
*[[Infiltrative diseases]] ( for example, [[amyloidosis]])
*[[Ischemia]]
*[[Mitral stenosis]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]] and scar
*[[Pericardial effusion]]
*[[Restrictive cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Systolic dysfunction]]


==References==
==References==
Line 31: Line 151:
[[Category:Cardiomyopathy]]
[[Category:Cardiomyopathy]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]

Latest revision as of 12:03, 30 January 2013

Diastolic dysfunction Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Diastolic dysfunction from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Echocardiography

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Diastolic dysfunction causes On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Diastolic dysfunction causes

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Diastolic dysfunction causes

CDC on Diastolic dysfunction causes

Diastolic dysfunction causes in the news

Blogs on Diastolic dysfunction causes

Directions to Hospitals Treating Diastolic dysfunction

Risk calculators and risk factors for Diastolic dysfunction causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby

Overview

Diastolic dysfunction is the mechanical abnormality of the heart to properly relax and fill with blood during diastole. Several medical conditions may cause this to occur; namely cardiovascular conditions, genetic conditions, pulmonary conditions, rheumatologic conditions, and diabetes.

Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Cardiovascular Aortic stenosis; Constrictive pericarditis; Effusive-constrictive pericarditis; Hypertrophic heart diseases; Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM); Ischemia; Mitral stenosis; Myocardial infarction and scar; Pericardial effusion; Restrictive cardiomyopathy; Systolic dysfunction
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Diabetes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic Glycogen storage disease; Hemochromatosis; Amyloidosis
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Hypereosinophilic syndrome; Sarcoidosis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

Template:WH Template:WS