Deep vein thrombosis overview

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Editor(s)-In-Chief: The APEX Trial Investigators, C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [3]; Kashish Goel, M.D.; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Justine Cadet

Deep Vein Thrombosis Microchapters

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Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Deep vein thrombosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

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Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

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Diagnostic Approach

Assessment of Clinical Probability and Risk Scores

Assessment of Probability of Subsequent VTE and Risk Scores

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Upper extremity DVT

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Overview

Deep vein thrombosis (also known as deep venous thrombosis or DVT and colloquially referred to as economy class syndrome) is the formation of a blood clot ("thrombus") in a deep vein.

DVT of the lower extremity is subdivided into two categories:

  • Distal (calf) vein thrombosis: Confined to the deep calf veins
  • Proximal vein thrombosis: Occur in the legs, and involve the popliteal, femoral or iliac veins

The risk is significantly increased if the thrombus embolizes to the lungs, causing pulmonary embolism. Occasionally, veins in the arm are also affected (known as Paget-Schrötter disease). Upper extremity DVT is less common but also may lead to PE, especially in the presence of a venous catheter[1]. Thrombophlebitis is swelling (inflammation) of a vein caused by a blood clot.

References

  1. Ramzi DW, Leeper KV (2004). "DVT and pulmonary embolism: Part I. Diagnosis". Am Fam Physician. 69 (12): 2829–36. PMID 15222648.

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