Congenital adrenal hyperplasia historical perspective: Difference between revisions

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==Historical Perspective==
==Historical Perspective==
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia first time seen in 1865 by an Italian pathologist in a man at autopsy, who had big adrenal glands and female internal organs.<ref name="pmid25635623">{{cite journal |vauthors=Delle Piane L, Rinaudo PF, Miller WL |title=150 years of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: translation and commentary of De Crecchio's classic paper from 1865 |journal=Endocrinology |volume=156 |issue=4 |pages=1210–7 |year=2015 |pmid=25635623 |doi=10.1210/en.2014-1879 |url=}}</ref><ref name="ISBN:978-0323297387">{{cite book | last = Melmed | first = Shlomo | title = Williams textbook of endocrinology | publisher = Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2016 | isbn = 978-0323297387 }}=</ref><ref name="pmid18118071">{{cite journal |vauthors=HENCH PS, KENDALL EC |title=The effect of a hormone of the adrenal cortex (17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone; compound E) and of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone on rheumatoid arthritis |journal=Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin |volume=24 |issue=8 |pages=181–97 |year=1949 |pmid=18118071 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4288776">{{cite journal |vauthors=Biglieri EG, Herron MA, Brust N |title=17-hydroxylation deficiency in man |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=45 |issue=12 |pages=1946–54 |year=1966 |pmid=4288776 |pmc=292880 |doi=10.1172/JCI105499 |url=}}</ref>
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia first time seen in 1865 by Luigi De Crecchio, an Italian pathologist, in a man at autopsy, who had large adrenal glands and female internal organs. Important aspects of discoverinh adrenal hormones and diseased include congenital adrenal hyperplasia below:<ref name="pmid25635623">{{cite journal |vauthors=Delle Piane L, Rinaudo PF, Miller WL |title=150 years of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: translation and commentary of De Crecchio's classic paper from 1865 |journal=Endocrinology |volume=156 |issue=4 |pages=1210–7 |year=2015 |pmid=25635623 |doi=10.1210/en.2014-1879 |url=}}</ref><ref name="ISBN:978-0323297387">{{cite book | last = Melmed | first = Shlomo | title = Williams textbook of endocrinology | publisher = Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2016 | isbn = 978-0323297387 }}=</ref><ref name="pmid18118071">{{cite journal |vauthors=HENCH PS, KENDALL EC |title=The effect of a hormone of the adrenal cortex (17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone; compound E) and of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone on rheumatoid arthritis |journal=Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin |volume=24 |issue=8 |pages=181–97 |year=1949 |pmid=18118071 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4288776">{{cite journal |vauthors=Biglieri EG, Herron MA, Brust N |title=17-hydroxylation deficiency in man |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=45 |issue=12 |pages=1946–54 |year=1966 |pmid=4288776 |pmc=292880 |doi=10.1172/JCI105499 |url=}}</ref>
* In 1563, Eustachius described the adrenals and then published by Lancisi in 1714.
* In 1563, Eustachius described the adrenals and then published by Lancisi in 1714.


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* In 1896, William Osler prepared an oral glycerin extract derived from pig adrenals and showed that it had clinical benefit in patients with Addison disease.  
* In 1896, William Osler prepared an oral glycerin extract derived from pig adrenals and showed that it had clinical benefit in patients with Addison disease.  
* In 1905, Bulloch and Sequeira described patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.  
* In 1905, Bulloch and Sequeira described patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.  
* In 1932, Harvey Cushing associates the polyglandular syndrome of pituitary basophilism, which he first described in 1912, with hyperactivity of the pituitary-adrenal glands.
* In 1936, Selye  described the concept of stress and its effect on pituitary-adrenal function.  
* In 1936,The concept of stress and its effect on pituitary-adrenal function are described by Selye.  
* In 1937-1952, Kendall and Reichstein, defined the Isolation and structural characterization of adrenocortical hormones.  
* In 1937-1952,Isolation and structural characterization of adrenocortical hormones are reported by Kendall and Reichstein.  
* In 1943, Li and colleagues isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone from sheep pituitary.
* In 1943, Li and colleagues isolate pure adrenocorticotropic hormone from sheep pituitary.


* In 1950, Hench, Kendall, and Reichstein share the Nobel Prize in Medicine for describing the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
* In 1950, Hench, Kendall, and Reichstein shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine for describing the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
 
* In 1956, Conn described primary aldosteronism.  
* In 1953,Isolation and analysis of the structure of aldosterone are reported by Simpson and Tait. In 1956, Conn describes primary aldosteronism. In 1981, Characterization and synthesis of corticotropin-releasing hormone are reported by Vale.
* In 1981, Vale defined characterization and synthesis of corticotropin-releasing hormone.  


* From 1980-present the molecular era: cloning and functional characterization of steroid receptors, steroidogenic enzymes, and adrenal transcription factors are reported, and the molecular basis for human adrenal diseases is defined.
* From 1980-present the molecular era: cloning and functional characterization of steroid receptors, steroidogenic enzymes, and adrenal transcription factors are reported, and the molecular basis for human adrenal diseases is defined.

Revision as of 18:34, 6 July 2017

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia main page

Overview

Classification

21-hydroxylase deficiency
11β-hydroxylase deficiency
17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency
3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency
Cytochrome P450-oxidoreductase (POR) deficiency (ORD)
Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Differential Diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Historical Perspective

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia first time seen in 1865 by Luigi De Crecchio, an Italian pathologist, in a man at autopsy, who had large adrenal glands and female internal organs. Important aspects of discoverinh adrenal hormones and diseased include congenital adrenal hyperplasia below:[1][2][3][4]

  • In 1563, Eustachius described the adrenals and then published by Lancisi in 1714.
  • In 1849, Thomas Addison, found on a bronzed appearance associated with the adrenal glands called melasma suprarenale while searching for the cause of pernicious anemia.
  • In 1855, Thomas Addison defined the clinical features and autopsy findings in 11 cases of diseases of the suprarenal capsules, and half of them were tuberculous in origin.
  • In 1856, In adrenalectomy experiments, Brown-Séquard found that the adrenal glands are nessesary for life.
  • In 1896, William Osler prepared an oral glycerin extract derived from pig adrenals and showed that it had clinical benefit in patients with Addison disease.
  • In 1905, Bulloch and Sequeira described patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
  • In 1936, Selye described the concept of stress and its effect on pituitary-adrenal function.
  • In 1937-1952, Kendall and Reichstein, defined the Isolation and structural characterization of adrenocortical hormones.
  • In 1943, Li and colleagues isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone from sheep pituitary.
  • In 1950, Hench, Kendall, and Reichstein shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine for describing the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
  • In 1956, Conn described primary aldosteronism.
  • In 1981, Vale defined characterization and synthesis of corticotropin-releasing hormone.
  • From 1980-present the molecular era: cloning and functional characterization of steroid receptors, steroidogenic enzymes, and adrenal transcription factors are reported, and the molecular basis for human adrenal diseases is defined.

References

  1. Delle Piane L, Rinaudo PF, Miller WL (2015). "150 years of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: translation and commentary of De Crecchio's classic paper from 1865". Endocrinology. 156 (4): 1210–7. doi:10.1210/en.2014-1879. PMID 25635623.
  2. Melmed, Shlomo (2016). Williams textbook of endocrinology. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0323297387.=
  3. HENCH PS, KENDALL EC (1949). "The effect of a hormone of the adrenal cortex (17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone; compound E) and of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone on rheumatoid arthritis". Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin. 24 (8): 181–97. PMID 18118071.
  4. Biglieri EG, Herron MA, Brust N (1966). "17-hydroxylation deficiency in man". J. Clin. Invest. 45 (12): 1946–54. doi:10.1172/JCI105499. PMC 292880. PMID 4288776.


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