Chronic neutrophilic leukemia laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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*Normal [[neutrophil]] [[maturation]]
*Normal [[neutrophil]] [[maturation]]
*[[Myeloblast|Myeloblasts]] <5% of [[nucleated]] cells
*[[Myeloblast|Myeloblasts]] <5% of [[nucleated]] cells
*Presence of translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22.
*Presence of BCR-ABL transcripts by RT-PCR.


==== Blood chemistry tests: ====
==== Blood chemistry tests: ====
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==== Blood vitamin analysis: ====
==== Blood vitamin analysis: ====
*Evation of [[vitamin B12]]  
*Elevation of [[vitamin B12]]  


==== Conventional cytogenetics and karyotyping: ====
==== Genetic tests: ====
* This test looks at chromosomes under a microscope.
* Mutations which may seen:
* The chromosomes can best be seen when the cell is dividing, so a sample of [[blood]] or [[bone marrow]] must be grown ''in vitro'' so that the cells start to divide.
** [[CSF3R]]
* The leukemia cells in all [[CML]] patients contain an abnormal [[chromosome]] called the [[Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome]], which looks like a shortened version of chromosome 22.
** [[SETBP1]]
** [[ASXL1]]
** TET2
** [[EZH2]]
** KDM6A


==== Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH): ====
* cytogenetic abnormalities which may seen:
* FISH is another way to look at chromosomes and is more precise than conventional cytogenetics because it uses fluorescent dyes that only attach to specific genes or parts of [[chromosomes]].
**[[Trisomy 8]]
* In [[CML]], FISH can be used to look for specific pieces of the BCR-ABL [[gene]] on chromosomes.
**[[Trisomy 21]]
 
**Deletion 11q
==== Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): ====
**Deletion 20q6
* This is a highly sensitive test that can be used to look for the BCR-ABL product in [[leukemia]] cells. PCR is useful for quantitation.
**Deletion Y
* It can be done on blood or bone marrow samples and can detect very small amounts of BCR-ABL, even when Philadelphia chromosome can not be detected with cytogenetic testing.
**Trisomy 7
* It can be used after treatment to see if copies of the BCR-ABL gene are still present.
**[[Trisomy 9]]
* If copies of this gene are found it means that the [[leukemia]] is still present.
**Detection of JAK2V617F




Revision as of 16:26, 1 February 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Homa Najafi, M.D.[2]

Overview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) include chronic neutrophilia. Mild anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevation of lactate dehydrogenase and vitamin B12.

Laboratory Findings

A chronic elevated concentration of blood mature neutrophils is diagnostic for CNL.[1]

Some patients with CNL may have:[2][1][3]

Blood tests:
Bone marrow test:

Blood chemistry tests:

Blood vitamin analysis:

Genetic tests:

  • cytogenetic abnormalities which may seen:


References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Elliott, M A; Hanson, C A; Dewald, G W; Smoley, S A; Lasho, T L; Tefferi, A (2004). "WHO-defined chronic neutrophilic leukemia: a long-term analysis of 12 cases and a critical review of the literature". Leukemia. 19 (2): 313–317. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2403562. ISSN 0887-6924.
  2. ↑ Hasle, Henrik; Olesen, Gitte; Kerndrup, GITTE; Philip, Preben; Jacobsen, Niels (1996). "Chronic neutrophil leukaemia in adolescence and young adulthood". British Journal of Haematology. 94 (4): 628–630. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.1996.7082329.x. ISSN 0007-1048.
  3. ↑ Elliott, Michelle A. (2006). "Chronic neutrophilic leukemia and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: WHO defined". Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology. 19 (3): 571–593. doi:10.1016/j.beha.2005.07.012. ISSN 1521-6926.

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