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==Overview==
==Overview==

Revision as of 16:29, 22 September 2017

Cataract Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan Bir Singh, M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

Classification

The following is a classification of the various types of cataracts. This is not comprehensive and other unusual types may be noted.

  • Classified by etiology
  • Age-related cataract
  • Immature Senile Cataract (IMSC) - partially opaque lens, disc view hazy
  • Mature Senile Cataract (MSC) - Completely opaque lens, no disc view
  • Hypermature Senile Cataract (HMSC) - Liquefied cortical matter: Morgagnian Cataract
  • Congenital cataract
  • Sutural cataract
  • Lamellar cataract
  • Zonular cataract
  • Total cataract
  • Secondary cataract
  • Drug-induced cataract (e.g. Corticosteroids)
  • Traumatic cataract
  • Blunt trauma (capsule usually intact)
  • Penetrating trauma (capsular rupture & leakage of lens material - calls for an emergency surgery for extraction of lens and leaked material to minimize further damage)
  • Classified by location of opacity within lens structure (However, mixed morphology is quite commonly seen, e.g. PSC with nuclear changes & cortical spokes of cataract)
  • Anterior cortical cataract
  • Anterior polar cataract
  • Anterior subcapsular cataract
  • Nuclear cataract - Grading correlates with hardness & difficulty of surgical removal
  • 1 - Grey
  • 2 - Yellow
  • 3 - Amber
  • 4 - Brown/Black (Note: "Black cataract" translated in some languages (like Hindi) refers to Glaucoma, not the color of the lens nucleus)
  • Posterior cortical cataract
  • Posterior polar cataract (importance lies in higher risk of complication - posterior capsular tears during surgery)
  • Posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) (clinically common)
  • After-cataract - posterior capsular opacification subsequent to a successful extracapsular cataract surgery (usually within 3 months - 2 years) with or without IOL implantation. Requires a quick & painless office procedure with Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy to restore optical clarity.

References

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