Carcinoma of the penis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
*[[Cancerous|Noncancerous]] conditions | *[[Cancerous|Noncancerous]] conditions | ||
:*[[Condyloma acuminata]] | :*[[Condyloma acuminata]] | ||
:**A common sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus belonging to the human papilloma virus (HPV) group | :**A common [[sexually transmitted disease]] caused by a [[Virus (biology)|virus]] belonging to the [[human papilloma virus]] ([[Human papillomavirus|HPV]]) group | ||
:**Lesions normally grow as a papilloma and are usually found on the glans, prepuce, or shaft of the penis | :**[[Lesions]] normally grow as a [[papilloma]] and are usually found on the [[glans]], [[prepuce]], or [[shaft]] of the [[penis]] | ||
:**Lesions are benign, caused by low-risk HPV 6/11 | :**[[Lesions]] are [[benign]], caused by low-risk [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] 6/11 | ||
:**Mixed infections with high-risk HPV types are relatively common | :**Mixed [[Infection|infections]] with high-risk [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] types are relatively common | ||
:**Progression to malignancy is rare. | :**Progression to [[malignancy]] is [[rare]]. | ||
* Precancerous conditions <ref>{{cite web |url=http://oncolex.org/Penile-cancer/Background/DifferentialDiagnoses |title=Differential diagnoses of penile cancer |format= |work= |accessdate=}} </ref> | * [[Precancerous]] conditions <ref>{{cite web |url=http://oncolex.org/Penile-cancer/Background/DifferentialDiagnoses |title=Differential diagnoses of penile cancer |format= |work= |accessdate=}} </ref> | ||
:* Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) | :* [[Penis|Penile]] intraepithelial [[neoplasia]] (PeIN) | ||
:** most common precancerous condition of the penis | :** most common [[precancerous]] [[condition]] of the [[penis]] | ||
:**General term used to describe precancerous conditions of the penis that may develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) if they are not treated | :**General term used to describe [[precancerous]] [[conditions]] of the [[penis]] that may [[Development|develop]] into [[invasive]] [[squamous cell carcinoma]] ([[Squamous cell carcinoma|SCC]]) if they are not treated | ||
:**Refers to abnormal cell changes, called carcinoma in situ, that occur on the skin surface of the penis | :**Refers to [[abnormal]] [[cell]] changes, called [[carcinoma in situ]], that occur on the [[skin]] [[Surface area|surface]] of the [[penis]] | ||
:**PeIN on the glans (head) or foreskin of the penis is also called erythroplasia of Queyrat | :**PeIN on the [[glans]] ([[Penis|head]]) or [[foreskin]] of the [[penis]] is also called [[erythroplasia of Queyrat]] | ||
:**PeIN on the shaft of the penis is also called Bowen’s disease | :**PeIN on the [[shaft]] of the [[penis]] is also called [[Bowen’s disease]] | ||
:* [[Balanitis xerotica obliterans]] (BXO) also known as lichen sclerosis | :* [[Balanitis xerotica obliterans]] (BXO) also known as [[Lichen sclerosus|lichen sclerosis]] | ||
:**A precancerous skin condition localized to the glans and the prepuce | :**A [[precancerous]] [[skin]] [[condition]] localized to the [[glans]] and the [[prepuce]] | ||
:**Presents as white atrophic patches | :**Presents as white [[atrophic]] patches | ||
:**The secondary development of phimosis inhibits washing and prevents early diagnostics of possible malignancy development on the glans or inside of the prepuce | :**The [[secondary]] [[development]] of [[phimosis]] inhibits [[washing]] and [[Prevention|prevents]] early [[diagnostics]] of possible [[malignancy]] [[development]] on the [[glans]] or inside of the [[prepuce]] | ||
:**A radical circumcision should therefore be performed for this disease | :**A radical [[Circumcised|circumcision]] should therefore be performed for this [[disease]] | ||
:* Buschke-Lowenstein tumour | :* Buschke-Lowenstein tumour | ||
:**A slow-growing, locally destructive verrucous plaque | :**A slow-growing, locally destructive verrucous plaque | ||
Revision as of 16:32, 8 April 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Swathi Venkatesan, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Carcinoma of the penis must be differentiated from condyloma acuminata, penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN), balanitis xerotica obliterans, buschke-Lowenstein tumour, bowenoid papulosis, and leukoplakia.
Differential Diagnosis
Carcinoma of the penis must be differentiated from:[1][2]
- Noncancerous conditions
- Condyloma acuminata
- A common sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus belonging to the human papilloma virus (HPV) group
- Lesions normally grow as a papilloma and are usually found on the glans, prepuce, or shaft of the penis
- Lesions are benign, caused by low-risk HPV 6/11
- Mixed infections with high-risk HPV types are relatively common
- Progression to malignancy is rare.
- Condyloma acuminata
- Precancerous conditions [3]
- Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)
- most common precancerous condition of the penis
- General term used to describe precancerous conditions of the penis that may develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) if they are not treated
- Refers to abnormal cell changes, called carcinoma in situ, that occur on the skin surface of the penis
- PeIN on the glans (head) or foreskin of the penis is also called erythroplasia of Queyrat
- PeIN on the shaft of the penis is also called Bowen’s disease
- Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) also known as lichen sclerosis
- A precancerous skin condition localized to the glans and the prepuce
- Presents as white atrophic patches
- The secondary development of phimosis inhibits washing and prevents early diagnostics of possible malignancy development on the glans or inside of the prepuce
- A radical circumcision should therefore be performed for this disease
- Buschke-Lowenstein tumour
- A slow-growing, locally destructive verrucous plaque
- Cauliflower-like mass
- A regional variant of verrucous carcinoma, also known as giant condyloma acuminate
- Can involve the penis, vulva, scrotum, bladder, and perianal or anorectal regions
- Rare
- Bowen's Disease
- Undifferentiated PeIN
- Manifests as a solitary, pigmented, scaly or scab-covered area
- Affects the penis shaft, scrotum, perineum, and the suprapubic area
- Bowenoid papulosis
- Multiple, slightly elevated, red to violet or brownish papules, on the penis shaft and scrotum
- Very rare, is preferably seen young men
- May regress without treatment
- Caused by high-risk HPV, most commonly HPV 16
- Histologically cannot be separated from undifferentiated PeIN
- Leukoplakia
- Rare
- Appear as a white hypertrophic or atrophic patch and usually occur secondary to chronic irritation
- Develops in the meatus
- Biopsy is necessary to exclude cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)
- Erythroplasia of Queyrat
- Grows on the glans and the prepuce
- Presents as a well-defined, red patch
- Undifferentiated PeIN
- Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)
References
- ↑ Precancerous conditions of the penis. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/penile/penile-cancer/precancerous-conditions/?region=ab Accessed on September, 30 2015
- ↑ Differential diagnoses of penile cancer. Oncology Encyclopedia 2015.http://oncolex.org/penile-cancer/background/differentialdiagnoses Accessed on September, 30 2015
- ↑ "Differential diagnoses of penile cancer".