Brucellosis medical therapy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

Medical Therapy

Overveiw

Treatment can be effective with antibiotics. Usually, doxycycline and Streptomycin are used in combination for 2-3 weeks to prevent reoccuring infection. Depending on the timing of treatment and severity of illness, recovery may take a few weeks to several months. The use of more than one antibiotic is needed for several weeks, due to the fact that the bacteria incubates within cells. Mortality is low (<2%), and is usually associated with endocarditis [1].

Antimicrobial Regimen

  • 1.Uncomplicated brucellosis in adults and children ≥8yrs of age
  • 2. Complications of brucellosis
  • 2.1 Spondylitis
  • 2.2 Neurobrucellosis
  • 2.3 Brucella endocarditis
  • 3. Pregnancy
  • Preferred regimen: Rifampin 900 mg PO qd for 6 weeks
  • Note: Adding Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole can be considered, but this option should probably be avoided preceding the 13th week and after the 36th week of gestation because of concern about teratogenicity and kernicterus.
  • 4.For children < 8 yrs of age

Reference

  1. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo
  2. Corbel, Michael (2006). Brucellosis in humans and animals. Geneva: World Health Organization. ISBN 9241547138.
  3. Bennett, John (2015). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1455748013.

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