Boerhaave syndrome pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
==Pathophysiology==
==Pathophysiology==
Esophageal rupture in Boerhaave syndrome is thought to be the result of a sudden rise in internal esophageal pressure produced during vomiting, as a result of neuromuscular incoordination causing failure of the cricopharyngeus muscle (a [[sphincter]] within the esophagus) to relax. The syndrome is commonly associated with the consumption of excessive food and/or alcohol.  
* Boerhaave syndrome is a spontaneous perforation of the esophagus due to a sudden rise in intraesophageal pressure combined with negative intrathoracic pressure (eg, severe straining, vomiting or seizures) as a result of neuromuscular incoordination.


The most common anatomical location of the tear in Boerhaave syndrome is at left posterolateral wall of the lower third of the esophagus, 2-3 cm before the [[stomach]].<ref name="pmid17263979">{{cite journal |author=Korn O, Oñate JC, López R |title=Anatomy of the Boerhaave syndrome |journal=Surgery |volume=141 |issue=2 |pages=222–8 |year=2007 |pmid=17263979 |doi=10.1016/j.surg.2006.06.034}}</ref>
* Boerhaave syndrome is commonly associated with the consumption of excessive food and/or alcohol.
 
* Boerhaave syndrome usually occurs in patients with a normal underlying esophagus, some patients with Boerhaave syndrome has underlying medication-induced esophagitis, eosinophilic esophagitis,  Barrett's or infectious ulcers.
 
* The most common anatomical location of the esophageal perforation in Boerhaave syndrome is at left posterolateral wall of the distal intrathoracic esophagus, 2-3 cm before the [[stomach]]. However, the esophageal perforation in Boerhaave syndrome can occur in the cervical or intra-abdominal esophagus.<ref name="pmid17263979">{{cite journal |author=Korn O, Oñate JC, López R |title=Anatomy of the Boerhaave syndrome |journal=Surgery |volume=141 |issue=2 |pages=222–8 |year=2007 |pmid=17263979 |doi=10.1016/j.surg.2006.06.034}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 15:56, 20 December 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Pathophysiology

  • Boerhaave syndrome is a spontaneous perforation of the esophagus due to a sudden rise in intraesophageal pressure combined with negative intrathoracic pressure (eg, severe straining, vomiting or seizures) as a result of neuromuscular incoordination.
  • Boerhaave syndrome is commonly associated with the consumption of excessive food and/or alcohol.
  • Boerhaave syndrome usually occurs in patients with a normal underlying esophagus, some patients with Boerhaave syndrome has underlying medication-induced esophagitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, Barrett's or infectious ulcers.
  • The most common anatomical location of the esophageal perforation in Boerhaave syndrome is at left posterolateral wall of the distal intrathoracic esophagus, 2-3 cm before the stomach. However, the esophageal perforation in Boerhaave syndrome can occur in the cervical or intra-abdominal esophagus.[1]

References

  1. Korn O, Oñate JC, López R (2007). "Anatomy of the Boerhaave syndrome". Surgery. 141 (2): 222–8. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2006.06.034. PMID 17263979.

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