Atelectasis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Cherry}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Cherry}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Patients with atelectasis usually have non specific signs on physical examination. Physical examination of patients with | Patients with atelectasis usually have non specific signs on physical examination. Physical examination of patients with atelectasis is usually remarkable for decreased [[Respiratory examination|chest expansion]], mediastinal displacement towards the affected side and elevation of the [[Thoracic diaphragm|diaphragm]]. Patients may develop dullness to percussion over the involved area, [[Wheeze|wheezing]] and diminished or absent breath sounds on [[auscultation]]. | ||
==Physical Examination== | |||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | |||
*Patients with atelectasis usually appear normal with non specific signs on physical exam. | |||
===Vital Signs=== | ===Vital Signs=== | ||
* Hypotension | * [[Hypotension]] | ||
* Tachycardia | * [[Tachycardia]] | ||
* [[Fever]] | * [[Fever]] | ||
* Tachypnea | * [[Tachypnea]] | ||
===Lung=== | ===Lung=== | ||
* | * Inspection: | ||
* | ** Decreased [[Respiratory examination|chest expansion]] | ||
* | ** Mediastinal and cardiac displacement towards the affected side | ||
* Mediastinal and cardiac displacement towards the affected side | ** Elevation of the [[Thoracic diaphragm|diaphragm]] | ||
* Elevation of the diaphragm | * Palpation: | ||
* | ** Decreased chest excursion of the involved hemithorax | ||
* Decreased chest excursion of the involved hemithorax | * Percussion: | ||
** Dullness to percussion over the involved area | |||
* Auscultation: | |||
* | ** Diminished or absent breath sounds | ||
** Lungs are hyporesonant | |||
* | ** [[Rhonchi]] may be heard | ||
** [[Wheezing]] may be present | |||
===Neck=== | ===Neck=== | ||
* Neck examination of patients with | * Neck examination of patients with atelectasis is usually normal. | ||
*[[Tracheal deviation]] towards the affected side may be visible. | |||
* | |||
===Heart=== | ===Heart=== | ||
* Cardiovascular examination of patients with atelectasis is usually normal. | * [[Cardiovascular|Cardiovascular examination]] of patients with atelectasis is usually normal. | ||
===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
* [[Cyanosis]] (late sign) | * [[Cyanosis]] (late sign) | ||
Revision as of 18:45, 19 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sudarshana Datta, MD [2]
Overview
Patients with atelectasis usually have non specific signs on physical examination. Physical examination of patients with atelectasis is usually remarkable for decreased chest expansion, mediastinal displacement towards the affected side and elevation of the diaphragm. Patients may develop dullness to percussion over the involved area, wheezing and diminished or absent breath sounds on auscultation.
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with atelectasis usually appear normal with non specific signs on physical exam.
Vital Signs
Lung
- Inspection:
- Decreased chest expansion
- Mediastinal and cardiac displacement towards the affected side
- Elevation of the diaphragm
- Palpation:
- Decreased chest excursion of the involved hemithorax
- Percussion:
- Dullness to percussion over the involved area
- Auscultation:
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with atelectasis is usually normal.
- Tracheal deviation towards the affected side may be visible.
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with atelectasis is usually normal.
Extremities
- Cyanosis (late sign)