Amoebiasis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{YD}}; {{SSK}}
 
==Overview==
==Overview==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
It is estimated by the WHO that about 70,000 people die annually worldwide. Since amoebiasis is transmitted through contaminated food and water, it is often endemic in regions of the world with limited modern [[sanitation]] systems, including Mexico, western South America, South Asia, and western and southern Africa.
===Incidence===
===Prevalence===
 
In older textbooks it is often stated that 10% of the world's population is infected with ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''. It is now known that at least 90% of these infections are due to E. dispar. Nevertheless, this means that there are up to 50 million true ''E. histolytica'' infections and approximately seventy thousand die each year, mostly from liver abscesses or other complications.  Although usually considered a tropical parasite, the first case reported (in 1875) was actually in St Petersburg in Russia, near the Arctic Circle. Infection is more common in warmer areas, but this is both because of poorer hygiene and because the parasite cysts survive longer in warm moist conditions.
===Age===
*Elderly patients and young children are at higher risk of developing amoebiasis than adults.
*Adults are at higher risk of developing amebic liver abscess than children (the incidence of amebic liver abscess is up to 10x higher in adults than in children).
 
===Gender===
*There is no gender predilection for the development of amoebiasis.
*Men are at higher risk of developing amebic liver abscess than women (the incidence of amebic liver abscess is up to 3x higher in men than in women).
 
===Developing Countries===
*Amoebiasis is endemic to developing countries, particularly in regions with limited [[sanitation]] systems.
 


===Populations at risk===
All people are believed to be susceptible to infection and there is no evidence that individuals with a damaged or undeveloped immunity may suffer more severe forms of the disease. 
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


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Revision as of 21:30, 10 March 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.

Overview

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

Age

  • Elderly patients and young children are at higher risk of developing amoebiasis than adults.
  • Adults are at higher risk of developing amebic liver abscess than children (the incidence of amebic liver abscess is up to 10x higher in adults than in children).

Gender

  • There is no gender predilection for the development of amoebiasis.
  • Men are at higher risk of developing amebic liver abscess than women (the incidence of amebic liver abscess is up to 3x higher in men than in women).

Developing Countries

  • Amoebiasis is endemic to developing countries, particularly in regions with limited sanitation systems.


References


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