Actinomycosis physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Patients with actinomycosis are usually well-appearing. Physical examination reveals combination of several non-specific findings.
Physical Examination
The physical examination findings of actinomycosis are are mostly nonspecific and are described according to the organ involved [1]
Vital Signs
Oral cavity
- Oral ulcers can be seen in some patients
- Poor dental hygiene with dental caries
Lymph nodes
- In cases with skin involvement from direct inoculation, regional lymph node enlargement may be seen.
Neck
- No masses
Cardiovascular system
- Regular rate and rhythm
- Normal S1, S2
- No murmurs, rubs, or gallops
Lungs
Findings consistent with parenchymal consolidation such as
- Dullness to percussion
- Increased fremitus
- Signs of pleura involvement such as pleuritic rub.
Abdominal
- Abdominal mass which is nontender, most commonly seen in right lower quadrant
- No abdominal bruits auscultated
- Diffuse tenderness on palpation
- Spleen not palpable, liver not palpable
- Abdomen non-distended with no scars or striations
Skin
- Nodular lesions which gradually increase in size and number resulting in multiple abscesses, and ultimately forming sinuses that open outside.
- Ulcerative lesions that bleed easily
Genitourinary system
- Pyuria
- Painful urination
- Pelvic mass
- Menometrorrhagia
Extremities
- Ulcers that bleed on touch
Neurological
Normal examination finding unless the infection is disseminated to brain resulting in meningitis,then findings include :
References
- ↑ Valour F, Sénéchal A, Dupieux C, Karsenty J, Lustig S, Breton P, Gleizal A, Boussel L, Laurent F, Braun E, Chidiac C, Ader F, Ferry T (2014). "Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management". Infect Drug Resist. 7: 183–97. doi:10.2147/IDR.S39601. PMC 4094581. PMID 25045274.
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