Acinic cell carcinoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{RG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{RG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Acinic cell carcinoma, a salivary gland tumor, mainly develop in [[parotid gland]] (81000 out of 100000), less common, it occurs in the [[submandibular gland]] and [[Salivary gland tumor|minor salivary glands]] of [[palate]]. | [[Acinic cell carcinoma]], a [[salivary gland]] tumor, mainly develop in [[parotid gland]] (81000 out of 100000), less common, it occurs in the [[submandibular gland]] and [[Salivary gland tumor|minor salivary glands]] of [[palate]]. It belongs to the family of [[adenocarcinoma]] with similarities like: [[Adenoid cystic cancer|Adenoid cystic]], [[Mucoepidermoid carcinoma|Muco-epidermoid]], low-grade [[adenocarcinoma]], some [[Breast cancer|breast cancers]]. The development of [[acinic cell carcinoma]] is the result of multiple [[genetic mutations]] that suggest association of tumor suppression genes such as: [[Chromosome 5|chromosome 5q]], [[Chromosome 6|chromosome 6p]], [[Chromosome 17|chromosome 17p]], deletions of [[Chromosome 6|chromosome 6q]], loss of [[Y chromosome|chromosome Y]], [[Down syndrome|Trisomy 21]], molecular studies suggest that [[retinoblastoma]] pathway also can be involved with [[acinic cell carcinoma]]. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
* Acinic cell carcinoma mainly develop [[parotid gland]] (81000 out of 100000), less common, it occurs in the [[submandibular gland]] and [[ | *[[Acinic cell carcinoma]] mainly develop [[parotid gland]] (81000 out of 100000), less common, it occurs in the [[submandibular gland]] and minor [[Salivary gland|salivary glands]] of [[palate]].<ref name="FederspilConstantinidis2001">{{cite journal|last1=Federspil|first1=P. A.|last2=Constantinidis|first2=J.|last3=Karapantzos|first3=I.|last4=Pahl|first4=S.|last5=Markmann|first5=H.-U.|last6=Iro|first6=H.|title=Azinuszellkarzinome der Glandula parotidea|journal=HNO|volume=49|issue=10|year=2001|pages=825–830|issn=0017-6192|doi=10.1007/s001060170031}}</ref> | ||
* Acinic cell carcinoma belongs to the family of [[adenocarcinoma]] and share many similarities include: | *[[Acinic cell carcinoma]] belongs to the family of [[adenocarcinoma]] and share many similarities include: | ||
**[[Adenoid cystic cancer|Adenoid cystic]] | **[[Adenoid cystic cancer|Adenoid cystic]] | ||
**[[Mucoepidermoid carcinoma|Muco-epidermoid]] | **[[Mucoepidermoid carcinoma|Muco-epidermoid]] | ||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
== Genetics == | == Genetics == | ||
* The development of acinic cell carcinoma is the result of multiple genetic mutations that suggest association of tumor suppression genes such as:<ref name="El-NaggarAbdul-Karim1998">{{cite journal|last1=El-Naggar|first1=Adel K|last2=Abdul-Karim|first2=Fadi W|last3=Hurr|first3=Kenneth|last4=Callender|first4=David|last5=Luna|first5=Mario A|last6=Batsakis|first6=John G|title=Genetic Alterations in Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland Determined by Microsatellite Analysis|journal=Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics|volume=102|issue=1|year=1998|pages=19–24|issn=01654608|doi=10.1016/S0165-4608(97)00273-2}}</ref><ref name="pmid3178153">{{cite journal| author=Sandros J, Mark J, Happonen RP, Stenman G| title=Specificity of 6q- markers and other recurrent deviations in human malignant salivary gland tumors. | journal=Anticancer Res | year= 1988 | volume= 8 | issue= 4 | pages= 637-43 | pmid=3178153 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3178153 }}</ref><ref name="LiuZhu2005">{{cite journal|last1=Liu|first1=T|last2=Zhu|first2=E|last3=Wang|first3=L|last4=Okada|first4=T|last5=Yamaguchi|first5=A|last6=Okada|first6=N|title=Abnormal expression of Rb pathway–related proteins in salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma|journal=Human Pathology|volume=36|issue=9|year=2005|pages=962–970|issn=00468177|doi=10.1016/j.humpath.2005.06.014}}</ref> | * The development of [[acinic cell carcinoma]] is the result of multiple [[genetic mutations]] that suggest association of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumor suppression genes]] such as:<ref name="El-NaggarAbdul-Karim1998">{{cite journal|last1=El-Naggar|first1=Adel K|last2=Abdul-Karim|first2=Fadi W|last3=Hurr|first3=Kenneth|last4=Callender|first4=David|last5=Luna|first5=Mario A|last6=Batsakis|first6=John G|title=Genetic Alterations in Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland Determined by Microsatellite Analysis|journal=Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics|volume=102|issue=1|year=1998|pages=19–24|issn=01654608|doi=10.1016/S0165-4608(97)00273-2}}</ref><ref name="pmid3178153">{{cite journal| author=Sandros J, Mark J, Happonen RP, Stenman G| title=Specificity of 6q- markers and other recurrent deviations in human malignant salivary gland tumors. | journal=Anticancer Res | year= 1988 | volume= 8 | issue= 4 | pages= 637-43 | pmid=3178153 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3178153 }}</ref><ref name="LiuZhu2005">{{cite journal|last1=Liu|first1=T|last2=Zhu|first2=E|last3=Wang|first3=L|last4=Okada|first4=T|last5=Yamaguchi|first5=A|last6=Okada|first6=N|title=Abnormal expression of Rb pathway–related proteins in salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma|journal=Human Pathology|volume=36|issue=9|year=2005|pages=962–970|issn=00468177|doi=10.1016/j.humpath.2005.06.014}}</ref> | ||
**[[Chromosome 5|chromosome 5q]] | **[[Chromosome 5|chromosome 5q]] | ||
**[[Chromosome 6|chromosome 6p]] | **[[Chromosome 6|chromosome 6p]] | ||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
* Loss of [[Y chromosome|chromosome Y]] | * Loss of [[Y chromosome|chromosome Y]] | ||
*[[Down syndrome|Trisomy 21]] | *[[Down syndrome|Trisomy 21]] | ||
* Molecular studies suggest that [[retinoblastoma]] pathway also can be involved with acinic cell carcinoma. | *[[Molecular]] studies suggest that [[retinoblastoma]] pathway also can be involved with [[acinic cell carcinoma]]. | ||
== Gross Pathology == | == Gross Pathology == | ||
* On gross pathology, acinic cell carcinoma usually presents as a solitary, encapsulated, soft tumor of gray- | * On gross [[pathology]], [[acinic cell carcinoma]] usually presents as a [[solitary]], encapsulated, soft tumor of gray-white appearance.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Tumors of the Salivary Glands, Atlas of Tumor Pathology: Third Series, Fascicle 17 G. L. Ellis and P. L. Auclair. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington D.C. ISBN: 1 881041 26 3 (Printed). 1996. Price: $69.00. ISBN: 1 881041 41 7 (CD-ROM). 1998. Price: $65.00|journal=The Journal of Pathology|volume=192|issue=4|year=2000|pages=564–565|issn=0022-3417|doi=10.1002/1096-9896(200012)192:4<564::AID-PATH737>3.0.CO;2-M}}</ref><ref name="ChaKim2011">{{cite journal|last1=Cha|first1=Wonjae|last2=Kim|first2=Min-Su|last3=Ahn|first3=Jae-Chul|last4=Cho|first4=Sung-Woo|last5=Sunwoo|first5=Woongsang|last6=Song|first6=Chang Myeon|last7=Kwon|first7=Tack-Kyun|last8=Sung|first8=Myung-Whun|last9=Kim|first9=Kwang Hyun|title=Clinical Analysis of Acinic Cell Carcinoma in Parotid Gland|journal=Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology|volume=4|issue=4|year=2011|pages=188|issn=1976-8710|doi=10.3342/ceo.2011.4.4.188}}</ref> | ||
* In case of recurrent lesions, the tumor is often lobulated without capsule with necrosis area. | * In case of recurrent lesions, the [[tumor]] is often lobulated without [[capsule]] with [[necrosis]] area. | ||
[[File:PMC3981376 cp-2011-3-e58-g002.png|center|thumbnail|Patien with acinic cell carcinoma<ref name="SherwaniAkhtar2011">{{cite journal|last1=Sherwani|first1=Rana|last2=Akhtar|first2=Kafil|last3=Ahmad|first3=Murad|last4=Hasan|first4=Abrar|title=Cytologic diagnosis of acinic cell carcinoma of minor salivary gland: a distinct rarely described entity|journal=Clinics and Practice|volume=1|issue=3|year=2011|pages=58|issn=2039-7283|doi=10.4081/cp.2011.e58}}</ref>]] | [[File:PMC3981376 cp-2011-3-e58-g002.png|center|thumbnail|Patien with acinic cell carcinoma<ref name="SherwaniAkhtar2011">{{cite journal|last1=Sherwani|first1=Rana|last2=Akhtar|first2=Kafil|last3=Ahmad|first3=Murad|last4=Hasan|first4=Abrar|title=Cytologic diagnosis of acinic cell carcinoma of minor salivary gland: a distinct rarely described entity|journal=Clinics and Practice|volume=1|issue=3|year=2011|pages=58|issn=2039-7283|doi=10.4081/cp.2011.e58}}</ref>]] | ||
[[File:PMC5149105 jced-8-e638-g003.png|center|thumbnail|Capsulated acinar cell carcinoma in parothid gland<ref name="IshikawaIshikawa2016">{{cite journal|last1=Ishikawa|first1=S|last2=Ishikawa|first2=H|last3=Fuyama|first3=S|last4=Kobayashi|first4=T|last5=Waki|first5=T|last6=Taira|first6=Y|last7=Iino|first7=M|title=Report of a case of acinic cell carcinoma of the upper lip and review of Japanese cases of acinic cell carcinoma of the minor salivary glands|journal=Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry|year=2016|pages=0–0|issn=19895488|doi=10.4317/jced.53049}}</ref> | [[File:PMC5149105 jced-8-e638-g003.png|center|thumbnail|Capsulated acinar cell carcinoma in parothid gland<ref name="IshikawaIshikawa2016">{{cite journal|last1=Ishikawa|first1=S|last2=Ishikawa|first2=H|last3=Fuyama|first3=S|last4=Kobayashi|first4=T|last5=Waki|first5=T|last6=Taira|first6=Y|last7=Iino|first7=M|title=Report of a case of acinic cell carcinoma of the upper lip and review of Japanese cases of acinic cell carcinoma of the minor salivary glands|journal=Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry|year=2016|pages=0–0|issn=19895488|doi=10.4317/jced.53049}}</ref> | ||
| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
== Microscopic Pathology == | == Microscopic Pathology == | ||
* On microscopic histopathological acinar cell carcinoma is defined by serous acinar cell differentiation.<ref name="SpiroHuvos1978">{{cite journal|last1=Spiro|first1=Ronald H.|last2=Huvos|first2=Andrew G.|last3=Strong|first3=Elliot W.|title=Acinic cell carcinoma of salivary origin.A clinicopathologic study of 67 cases|journal=Cancer|volume=41|issue=3|year=1978|pages=924–935|issn=0008-543X|doi=10.1002/1097-0142(197803)41:3<924::AID-CNCR2820410321>3.0.CO;2-L}}</ref><ref name="BatsakisLuna2016">{{cite journal|last1=Batsakis|first1=John G.|last2=Luna|first2=Mario A.|last3=El-Naggar|first3=Adel K.|title=Histopathologic Grading of Salivary Gland Neoplasms: II. Acinic Cell Carcinomas|journal=Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology|volume=99|issue=11|year=2016|pages=929–933|issn=0003-4894|doi=10.1177/000348949009901115}}</ref><ref name="LewisOlsen1991">{{cite journal|last1=Lewis|first1=Jean E.|last2=Olsen|first2=Kerry D.|last3=Weiland|first3=Louis H.|title=Acinic cell carcinoma. Clinicopathologic review|journal=Cancer|volume=67|issue=1|year=1991|pages=172–179|issn=0008-543X|doi=10.1002/1097-0142(19910101)67:1<172::AID-CNCR2820670129>3.0.CO;2-X}}</ref><ref name="Seifert1992">{{cite journal|last1=Seifert|first1=Gerhard|title=Histopathology of malignant salivary gland tumours|journal=European Journal of Cancer Part B: Oral Oncology|volume=28|issue=1|year=1992|pages=49–56|issn=09641955|doi=10.1016/0964-1955(92)90013-Q}}</ref> | * On [[microscopic]] [[histopathological]] [[acinar cell carcinoma]] is defined by serous acinar cell differentiation.<ref name="SpiroHuvos1978">{{cite journal|last1=Spiro|first1=Ronald H.|last2=Huvos|first2=Andrew G.|last3=Strong|first3=Elliot W.|title=Acinic cell carcinoma of salivary origin.A clinicopathologic study of 67 cases|journal=Cancer|volume=41|issue=3|year=1978|pages=924–935|issn=0008-543X|doi=10.1002/1097-0142(197803)41:3<924::AID-CNCR2820410321>3.0.CO;2-L}}</ref><ref name="BatsakisLuna2016">{{cite journal|last1=Batsakis|first1=John G.|last2=Luna|first2=Mario A.|last3=El-Naggar|first3=Adel K.|title=Histopathologic Grading of Salivary Gland Neoplasms: II. Acinic Cell Carcinomas|journal=Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology|volume=99|issue=11|year=2016|pages=929–933|issn=0003-4894|doi=10.1177/000348949009901115}}</ref><ref name="LewisOlsen1991">{{cite journal|last1=Lewis|first1=Jean E.|last2=Olsen|first2=Kerry D.|last3=Weiland|first3=Louis H.|title=Acinic cell carcinoma. Clinicopathologic review|journal=Cancer|volume=67|issue=1|year=1991|pages=172–179|issn=0008-543X|doi=10.1002/1097-0142(19910101)67:1<172::AID-CNCR2820670129>3.0.CO;2-X}}</ref><ref name="Seifert1992">{{cite journal|last1=Seifert|first1=Gerhard|title=Histopathology of malignant salivary gland tumours|journal=European Journal of Cancer Part B: Oral Oncology|volume=28|issue=1|year=1992|pages=49–56|issn=09641955|doi=10.1016/0964-1955(92)90013-Q}}</ref> | ||
* | * Several growth patterns are recognized: | ||
** Non-specific glandular | ** Non-specific glandular | ||
** Solid-lobular | ** Solid-lobular | ||
** Microcystic | ** Microcystic | ||
** Papillary-cystic | ** Papillary-[[cystic]] | ||
** Follicular | ** Follicular | ||
* | * Several cell types and their own differentiation are recognized: | ||
** Acinar cells | **[[Acinar cell|Acinar cells]] | ||
** Intercalated ductal cells | **[[Intercalated cell|Intercalated]] ductal cells | ||
** Vacuolated cells | ** Vacuolated cells | ||
** Clear cells | ** Clear [[Cells (biology)|cells]] | ||
[[File:PMC3985802 cro-0007-0195-g01.png|center|thumbnail|A: Acinic cell carcinoma of salivary gland.B: | |||
[[File:PMC3985802 cro-0007-0195-g01.png|center|thumbnail|A: Acinic cell carcinoma of salivary gland.B: Metastatic spread to the pancreas<ref name="GeigerGarcía2014">{{cite journal|last1=Geiger|first1=Jessica L.|last2=García|first2=Joaquín J.|last3=Price|first3=Katharine A.R.|title=Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Salivary Gland with Metastatic Spread to the Pancreas|journal=Case Reports in Oncology|volume=7|issue=1|year=2014|pages=195–198|issn=1662-6575|doi=10.1159/000360395}}</ref> | |||
]] | ]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:40, 1 October 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]
Overview
Acinic cell carcinoma, a salivary gland tumor, mainly develop in parotid gland (81000 out of 100000), less common, it occurs in the submandibular gland and minor salivary glands of palate. It belongs to the family of adenocarcinoma with similarities like: Adenoid cystic, Muco-epidermoid, low-grade adenocarcinoma, some breast cancers. The development of acinic cell carcinoma is the result of multiple genetic mutations that suggest association of tumor suppression genes such as: chromosome 5q, chromosome 6p, chromosome 17p, deletions of chromosome 6q, loss of chromosome Y, Trisomy 21, molecular studies suggest that retinoblastoma pathway also can be involved with acinic cell carcinoma.
Pathophysiology
- Acinic cell carcinoma mainly develop parotid gland (81000 out of 100000), less common, it occurs in the submandibular gland and minor salivary glands of palate.[1]
- Acinic cell carcinoma belongs to the family of adenocarcinoma and share many similarities include:
- Adenoid cystic
- Muco-epidermoid
- Low-grade adenocarcinoma
- Some breast cancers
Genetics
- The development of acinic cell carcinoma is the result of multiple genetic mutations that suggest association of tumor suppression genes such as:[2][3][4]
- Deletions of chromosome 6q
- Loss of chromosome Y
- Trisomy 21
- Molecular studies suggest that retinoblastoma pathway also can be involved with acinic cell carcinoma.
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, acinic cell carcinoma usually presents as a solitary, encapsulated, soft tumor of gray-white appearance.[5][6]
- In case of recurrent lesions, the tumor is often lobulated without capsule with necrosis area.
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological acinar cell carcinoma is defined by serous acinar cell differentiation.[9][10][11][12]
- Several growth patterns are recognized:
- Non-specific glandular
- Solid-lobular
- Microcystic
- Papillary-cystic
- Follicular
- Several cell types and their own differentiation are recognized:
- Acinar cells
- Intercalated ductal cells
- Vacuolated cells
- Clear cells
References
- ↑ Federspil, P. A.; Constantinidis, J.; Karapantzos, I.; Pahl, S.; Markmann, H.-U.; Iro, H. (2001). "Azinuszellkarzinome der Glandula parotidea". HNO. 49 (10): 825–830. doi:10.1007/s001060170031. ISSN 0017-6192.
- ↑ El-Naggar, Adel K; Abdul-Karim, Fadi W; Hurr, Kenneth; Callender, David; Luna, Mario A; Batsakis, John G (1998). "Genetic Alterations in Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland Determined by Microsatellite Analysis". Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics. 102 (1): 19–24. doi:10.1016/S0165-4608(97)00273-2. ISSN 0165-4608.
- ↑ Sandros J, Mark J, Happonen RP, Stenman G (1988). "Specificity of 6q- markers and other recurrent deviations in human malignant salivary gland tumors". Anticancer Res. 8 (4): 637–43. PMID 3178153.
- ↑ Liu, T; Zhu, E; Wang, L; Okada, T; Yamaguchi, A; Okada, N (2005). "Abnormal expression of Rb pathway–related proteins in salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma". Human Pathology. 36 (9): 962–970. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2005.06.014. ISSN 0046-8177.
- ↑ "Tumors of the Salivary Glands, Atlas of Tumor Pathology: Third Series, Fascicle 17 G. L. Ellis and P. L. Auclair. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington D.C. ISBN: 1 881041 26 3 (Printed). 1996. Price: $69.00. ISBN: 1 881041 41 7 (CD-ROM). 1998. Price: $65.00". The Journal of Pathology. 192 (4): 564–565. 2000. doi:10.1002/1096-9896(200012)192:4<564::AID-PATH737>3.0.CO;2-M. ISSN 0022-3417.
- ↑ Cha, Wonjae; Kim, Min-Su; Ahn, Jae-Chul; Cho, Sung-Woo; Sunwoo, Woongsang; Song, Chang Myeon; Kwon, Tack-Kyun; Sung, Myung-Whun; Kim, Kwang Hyun (2011). "Clinical Analysis of Acinic Cell Carcinoma in Parotid Gland". Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology. 4 (4): 188. doi:10.3342/ceo.2011.4.4.188. ISSN 1976-8710.
- ↑ Sherwani, Rana; Akhtar, Kafil; Ahmad, Murad; Hasan, Abrar (2011). "Cytologic diagnosis of acinic cell carcinoma of minor salivary gland: a distinct rarely described entity". Clinics and Practice. 1 (3): 58. doi:10.4081/cp.2011.e58. ISSN 2039-7283.
- ↑ Ishikawa, S; Ishikawa, H; Fuyama, S; Kobayashi, T; Waki, T; Taira, Y; Iino, M (2016). "Report of a case of acinic cell carcinoma of the upper lip and review of Japanese cases of acinic cell carcinoma of the minor salivary glands". Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry: 0–0. doi:10.4317/jced.53049. ISSN 1989-5488.
- ↑ Spiro, Ronald H.; Huvos, Andrew G.; Strong, Elliot W. (1978). "Acinic cell carcinoma of salivary origin.A clinicopathologic study of 67 cases". Cancer. 41 (3): 924–935. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197803)41:3<924::AID-CNCR2820410321>3.0.CO;2-L. ISSN 0008-543X.
- ↑ Batsakis, John G.; Luna, Mario A.; El-Naggar, Adel K. (2016). "Histopathologic Grading of Salivary Gland Neoplasms: II. Acinic Cell Carcinomas". Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology. 99 (11): 929–933. doi:10.1177/000348949009901115. ISSN 0003-4894.
- ↑ Lewis, Jean E.; Olsen, Kerry D.; Weiland, Louis H. (1991). "Acinic cell carcinoma. Clinicopathologic review". Cancer. 67 (1): 172–179. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19910101)67:1<172::AID-CNCR2820670129>3.0.CO;2-X. ISSN 0008-543X.
- ↑ Seifert, Gerhard (1992). "Histopathology of malignant salivary gland tumours". European Journal of Cancer Part B: Oral Oncology. 28 (1): 49–56. doi:10.1016/0964-1955(92)90013-Q. ISSN 0964-1955.
- ↑ Geiger, Jessica L.; García, Joaquín J.; Price, Katharine A.R. (2014). "Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Salivary Gland with Metastatic Spread to the Pancreas". Case Reports in Oncology. 7 (1): 195–198. doi:10.1159/000360395. ISSN 1662-6575.