Chlorothiazide (injection)

Chlorothiazide (injection)

Clinical data
Pregnancy category	US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Routes of administration	Oral
ATC code	C03AA04 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism	Nil
Elimination half-life	45 to 120 minutes
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
IUPAC name 6-chloro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide
CAS Number	58-94-6
PubChem CID	2720
DrugBank	APRD00721
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C7H6ClN3O4S2
Molar mass	295.725 g/mol

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Chlorothiazide sodium (Diuril) is a diuretic used within the hospital setting or for personal use to manage excess fluid associated with congestive heart failure. It is also used as an antihypertensive.

Most often taken in pill form, it is usually taken orally once or twice a day. In the ICU setting, chlorothiazide is given to diurese a patient in addition to furosemide (Lasix). Working in a separate mechanism than furosemide, and absorbed enterically as a reconstituted suspension administered through a nasogastric tube (NG tube), the two drugs potentiate one another without risk of toxicity. Because it is absorbed enterically there are no risks associated with chlorothiazide as there are with furosemide administration.

Indications

• Large amount of excess fluid including:
  • Diagnosed congested heart failure
  • Peripheral edema
  • Rales / Rhonchi
  • Hypertension

Contraindications

• Renal failure or insufficency
• Allergies to sulfa drugs

Dose

• 500 mg–1 g once or twice a day, by mouth or through NG tube (reconstituted suspension)
• May also be given intravenously, and should be given first if given in combination with IV lasix since it potentiate's the diuretic effect of furosemide.

Side effects

• Nausea / Vomiting
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Excess urine production
• Dehydration
• Hypoelectrolytemia (esp. hypokalemia / hypomagnesia)