Myocarditis endomyocardial biopsy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.

Overview

The gold standard is still biopsy of the myocardium, generally done in the setting of angiography. A small tissue sample of the endocardium and myocardium is taken, and investigated by a pathologist and if necessary, immunochemistry and special staining methods may be used. Edematous myocardial interstitium with inflammatory infiltrates, rich in lymphocytes and macrophages may be noted. Focal destruction of myocytes explains the myocardial pump failure.