Horseshoe kidney physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Patients with horseshoe kidney usually appear well and in majority of cases horseshoe kidney is an incidental finding during radiological examination. Physical examination of patients with horseshoe kidney is usually remarkable for abdominal distension, palpable kidney, costovertebral tenderness and palpable bladder.
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with horseshoe kidney is usually remarkable for abdominal distension, palpable kidney, costovertebral tenderness and palpable bladder.[1]
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with horseshoe kidney usually appear well
Vital Signs
- High grade/low grade fever if infection is present
- Tachycardia with a regular pulse because of the fever which is due to infection.
- High blood pressure due to salt retention.
Skin
- Skin examination of patients with horseshoe kidney is usually normal.
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with horseshoe kidney usually unremarkable.
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with horseshoe kidney is usually normal.
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with horseshoe kidney usually normal.
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with horseshoe kidney is usually normal.
Abdomen
- Abdominal distention
- Abdominal tenderness
- A lower midline palpable abdominal mass
Back
- Costovertebral angle tenderness can be present due to renal stone,infection or hydronephronephrosis
Genitourinary
- Rectal examination should be performed in patients with hydronephrosis to assess
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with horseshoe kidney is usually normal.
Extremities
- Extremities examination of patients with horseshoe kidney is usually normal
References
- ↑ Singer, Amy; Simmons, Marc Z.; Maldjian, Pierre D. (2008). "Spectrum of congenital renal anomalies presenting in adulthood". Clinical Imaging. 32 (3): 183–191. doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2007.12.001. ISSN 0899-7071.