Measles overview
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Measles overview On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Measles overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Measles is a disease caused by the Morbillivirus. It is transmitted into the respiratory by contact with infected fluids. Incubation lasts for 4-12 days, during which patients are asymptomatic. Symptomatic onset includes the appearance of a distinct rash. Infected people remain contagious until appearance of the first symptoms until 3-5 days after the rash appearance.
Historical Perspective
Reports of measles go as far back to at least 600 B.C. however, the first scientific description of the disease and its distinction from smallpox is attributed to the Persian physician Ibn Razi (Rhazes) 860-932 who published a book entitled "Smallpox and Measles" (in Arabic: Kitab fi al-jadari wa-al-hasbah). In 1954, the virus causing the disease was isolated from an 11-year old boy from the US, David Edmonston, and adapted and propagated on chick embryo tissue culture.[1] To date, 21 strains of the measles virus have been identified.[2] Licensed vaccines to prevent the disease became available in 1963.
Pathophysiology
Measles is a disease caused by a virus , specifically a paramyxovirus of the genus Morbillivirus.