Listeriosis risk factors

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Listeriosis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Listeriosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Screening

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

MRI

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Listeriosis risk factors On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Listeriosis risk factors

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Listeriosis risk factors

CDC on Listeriosis risk factors

Listeriosis risk factors in the news

Blogs on Listeriosis risk factors

Directions to Hospitals Treating Listeriosis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Listeriosis risk factors

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3]

Overview

The ingestion of uncooked meats and vegetables, unpasteurized (raw) milk and cheeses, processed (or ready-to-eat) meats, and smoked seafood is a risk factor for listeriosis.[1] Immunosuppressed patients, neonates, pregnant women, and elderly patients have higher risk of contracting listeriosis.[2]

Risk Factors

Contaminated Food

  • Uncooked meats and vegetables
  • Unpasteurized (raw) milk and cheeses as well as other foods made from unpasteurized milk
  • Cooked or processed foods, including certain soft cheeses
  • Processed eady-to-eat meats, such as hot dogs and deli meats (contamination may occur after factory cooking but before packaging or even at the deli counter)
  • Smoked seafood
  • Mexican-style cheeses (such as queso fresco)[1]

People at Risk

Pregnant Women

About one in seven (14%) cases of listeriosis occurs during pregnancy. Pregnant women are about 10 times more likely than the general population to be infected. Pregnant Hispanic women are about 24 times more likely than the general population to get listeriosis.[3]

Older Adults

More than half (58%) of Listeria infections occur among adults older than 65 years of age. Adults 65 years and older are about 4 times more likely than the general population to be infected.[3]

Immnosuppression

Immunosupressed individuals have a higher risk for infection due to underlying medical conditions such as cancer and immunosuppresive therapy (i.e., steroids, chemotherapy, radiation, Monoclonal antibodiessuch as Vedolizumab), liver or kidney disease, diabetes, alcoholism, and HIV/AIDS). AIDS patients are almost 300 times more likely to get listeriosis than people with normal immune systems.

Newborn Babies

Newborn babies suffer the most serious effects of listeriosis in pregnancy.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Listeria (Listeriosis) Sources. CDC.gov accessed on 7/25/2014 [1]
  2. Lorber, B. (1997). "Listeriosis". Clin Infect Dis. 24 (1): 1–9, quiz 10-1. PMID 8994747. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Vital signs: Listeria illnesses, deaths, and outbreaks--United States, 2009-2011". MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 62 (22): 448–52. 2013. PMID 23739339. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)