Rothia dentocariosa: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Rothia dentocariosa is a bacteria that is a part of the normal [[Oral microbiology|community of microbes residing in the mouth and respiratory tract]]. Variable or pleomorphic in shape and similar to [[Actinomyces]] and [[Nocardia]], Rothia was only defined as a genus in 1967<ref name=Ricaurte/>. | |||
==Microbiology== | |||
Rothia dentocariosa is a species of [[gram-positive bacteria|gram-positive]], round to rod shaped bacteria that is part of the normal [[Oral microbiology|community of microbes residing in the mouth and respiratory tract]]. Rothia dentocariosa, like several other species of oral bacteria, is able to reduce nitrate to nitrite, and one study found it in 3% of isolates of nitrate reducing bacteria from the mouth<ref name=nitrate>{{Cite pmid|15693824}}</ref>. | |||
It has been implicated in [[periodontal disease]], and one hypothesis is that ''Rothia'' periodontal disease, or dental procedures in turn, may be first steps in the infection of other tissues<ref name=Ricaurte/>. One case reports on a fatal | ==Role in Disease== | ||
First isolated from [[dental caries]], Rothia dentocariosa is largely benign, but does very rarely cause disease. The most common Rothia infection is [[endocarditis]], typically in people with underlying heart valve disorders<ref name=Ricaurte>{{Cite pmid|11332915}}</ref>. Literature case reports show other tissues that are rarely infected include the [[peritoneum]]<ref name="pmid18159489">{{cite journal |author=Morris SK, Nag S, Suh KN, A Evans G |title=Recurrent chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated infection due to rothia dentocariosa |journal=Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=171–3 |year=2004 |month=May |pmid=18159489 |pmc=2094970 |doi= |url=}}</ref>, [[tonsils]]<ref name=tonsils>{{Cite pmid|15876953}}</ref>, [[lung]]<ref name=Ricaurte/>, [[cornea]]<ref name=cornea>{{Cite pmid|17133072}}</ref>, inner layers of the eye ([[Endophthalmitis]])<ref name=endophthalmitis>{{Cite pmid|11757983}}</ref> and brain and intercranial tissues<ref name=Ricaurte/>. It has been implicated in [[periodontal disease]], and one hypothesis is that ''Rothia'' periodontal disease, or dental procedures in turn, may be first steps in the infection of other tissues<ref name=Ricaurte/>. One case reports on a fatal Rothia dentocariosa infection of a fetus in utero<ref name=fetalinfection>{{Cite pmid|17980173}}</ref>. Another reports the bacterium was responsible for septic arthritis in the knee of a person treated with [[etanercept]] for [[rheumatoid arthritis]]<ref name=Favero>{{Cite pmid|19966198}}</ref>. | |||
==Treatment== | |||
Like other Rothia infections reported in the literature, once the cause of infection was identified, this responded fully to treatment with [[antibiotics]]. Rothia infections may be treated with [[penicillin]], [[erythromycin]], [[cefazolin]], [[rifampin]], [[aminoglycoside]], [[tetracycline]], [[chloramphenicol]], and [[trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]]<ref name=Ricaurte/>. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 15:15, 9 August 2013
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Rothia dentocariosa is a bacteria that is a part of the normal community of microbes residing in the mouth and respiratory tract. Variable or pleomorphic in shape and similar to Actinomyces and Nocardia, Rothia was only defined as a genus in 1967[1].
Microbiology
Rothia dentocariosa is a species of gram-positive, round to rod shaped bacteria that is part of the normal community of microbes residing in the mouth and respiratory tract. Rothia dentocariosa, like several other species of oral bacteria, is able to reduce nitrate to nitrite, and one study found it in 3% of isolates of nitrate reducing bacteria from the mouth[2].
Role in Disease
First isolated from dental caries, Rothia dentocariosa is largely benign, but does very rarely cause disease. The most common Rothia infection is endocarditis, typically in people with underlying heart valve disorders[1]. Literature case reports show other tissues that are rarely infected include the peritoneum[3], tonsils[4], lung[1], cornea[5], inner layers of the eye (Endophthalmitis)[6] and brain and intercranial tissues[1]. It has been implicated in periodontal disease, and one hypothesis is that Rothia periodontal disease, or dental procedures in turn, may be first steps in the infection of other tissues[1]. One case reports on a fatal Rothia dentocariosa infection of a fetus in utero[7]. Another reports the bacterium was responsible for septic arthritis in the knee of a person treated with etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis[8].
Treatment
Like other Rothia infections reported in the literature, once the cause of infection was identified, this responded fully to treatment with antibiotics. Rothia infections may be treated with penicillin, erythromycin, cefazolin, rifampin, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole[1].
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 PMID 11332915 (PMID 11332915)
Citation will be completed automatically in a few minutes. Jump the queue or expand by hand - ↑ PMID 15693824 (PMID 15693824)
Citation will be completed automatically in a few minutes. Jump the queue or expand by hand - ↑ Morris SK, Nag S, Suh KN, A Evans G (2004). "Recurrent chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated infection due to rothia dentocariosa". Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 15 (3): 171–3. PMC 2094970. PMID 18159489. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ PMID 15876953 (PMID 15876953)
Citation will be completed automatically in a few minutes. Jump the queue or expand by hand - ↑ PMID 17133072 (PMID 17133072)
Citation will be completed automatically in a few minutes. Jump the queue or expand by hand - ↑ PMID 11757983 (PMID 11757983)
Citation will be completed automatically in a few minutes. Jump the queue or expand by hand - ↑ PMID 17980173 (PMID 17980173)
Citation will be completed automatically in a few minutes. Jump the queue or expand by hand - ↑ PMID 19966198 (PMID 19966198)
Citation will be completed automatically in a few minutes. Jump the queue or expand by hand