Ischemic stroke causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Stroke}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
The cause of stroke is an interruption in the blood supply, with a resulting depletion of oxygen and [[glucose]] in the affected area. This immediately reduces or abolishes [[neuron]]al function, and also initiates an [[ischemic cascade]] which causes neurons to die or be seriously damaged, further impairing brain function.  
The cause of stroke is an interruption in the blood supply, with a resulting depletion of oxygen and [[glucose]] in the affected area. This immediately reduces or abolishes [[neuron]]al function, and also initiates an [[ischemic cascade]] which causes neurons to die or be seriously damaged, further impairing brain function.  
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* [[Drug use|Illicit drug use]] (e.g., [[amphetamines]] or [[cocaine]])
* [[Drug use|Illicit drug use]] (e.g., [[amphetamines]] or [[cocaine]])
* Vascular malformations
* Vascular malformations
{{Stroke}}
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Neurosurgery]]
[[Category:Neurosurgery]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
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[[Category:Needs causes]]

Revision as of 15:29, 6 February 2013

Stroke Main page

Patient Information

Overview

Causes

Classification

Hemorrhagic stroke
Ischemic stroke

Differentiating Stroke from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

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NIH stroke scale
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Overview

The cause of stroke is an interruption in the blood supply, with a resulting depletion of oxygen and glucose in the affected area. This immediately reduces or abolishes neuronal function, and also initiates an ischemic cascade which causes neurons to die or be seriously damaged, further impairing brain function.

Causes

Ischemic Stroke

Thrombotic Stroke

Thrombotic stroke can be divided into two types depending on the type of vessel the thrombus is formed on:

  • Small vessel disease involves the intracerebral arteries, branches of the Circle of Willis, middle cerebral artery, stem, and arteries arising from the distal vertebral and basilar artery. Diseases that may form thrombi in the small vessels include (in descending incidence):
    • Lipohyalinosis (lipid hyaline build-up secondary to hypertension and aging) and fibrinoid degeneration (stroke involving these vessels are known as lacunar infarcts)
    • Microatheromas from larger arteries that extend into the smaller arteries (atheromatous branch disease)

Embolic Stroke

High Risk Cardiac Causes[1]
Potential Cardiac Causes
  • Mitral annular calcification
  • Patent foramen ovale
  • Atrial septal aneurysm
  • Atrial septal aneurysm with patent foramen ovale
  • Left ventricular aneurysm without thrombus
  • Isolated left atrial smoke on echocardiography (no mitral stenosis or atrial fibrillation)
  • Complex atheroma in the ascending aorta or proximal arch

Systemic Hypoperfusion (Watershed stroke)

Hypoxemia (low blood oxygen content) may precipitate the hypo-perfusion.

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

References

  1. Ay H; Furie KL; Singhal A; Smith WS; Sorensen AG; Koroshetz WJ (2005). "An evidence-based causative classification system for acute ischemic stroke". Ann Neurol. 58 (5): 688–97. PMID 16240340.

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