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Revision as of 01:31, 15 January 2009

Reoviruses
Intact double-shelled Rotavirus particles
Intact double-shelled Rotavirus particles
Virus classification
Group: Group III (dsRNA)
Family: Reoviridae
Genera

Orthoreovirus
Orbivirus
Rotavirus
Coltivirus
Aquareovirus
Cypovirus
Fijivirus
Phytoreovirus
Oryzavirus
Idnoreovirus
Mycoreovirus

WikiDoc Resources for Reoviridae

Articles

Most recent articles on Reoviridae

Most cited articles on Reoviridae

Review articles on Reoviridae

Articles on Reoviridae in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Reoviridae

Images of Reoviridae

Photos of Reoviridae

Podcasts & MP3s on Reoviridae

Videos on Reoviridae

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Reoviridae

Bandolier on Reoviridae

TRIP on Reoviridae

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Reoviridae at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Reoviridae

Clinical Trials on Reoviridae at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Reoviridae

NICE Guidance on Reoviridae

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Reoviridae

CDC on Reoviridae

Books

Books on Reoviridae

News

Reoviridae in the news

Be alerted to news on Reoviridae

News trends on Reoviridae

Commentary

Blogs on Reoviridae

Definitions

Definitions of Reoviridae

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Reoviridae

Discussion groups on Reoviridae

Patient Handouts on Reoviridae

Directions to Hospitals Treating Reoviridae

Risk calculators and risk factors for Reoviridae

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Reoviridae

Causes & Risk Factors for Reoviridae

Diagnostic studies for Reoviridae

Treatment of Reoviridae

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Reoviridae

International

Reoviridae en Espanol

Reoviridae en Francais

Business

Reoviridae in the Marketplace

Patents on Reoviridae

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Reoviridae

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

Reoviridae is a family of viruses that can affect the gastrointestinal system (such as Rotavirus) and respiratory tract. Viruses in the family Reoviridae have genomes consisting of segmented, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). The name "Reoviridae" is derived from respiratory enteric orphan viruses. The term "orphan virus" means that a virus that is not associated with any known disease. Even though viruses in the Reoviridae family have more recently been identified with various diseases, the original name is still used.

Reovirus infection occurs often in humans, but most cases are mild or subclinical. The virus can be readily detected in feces, and may also be recovered from pharyngeal or nasal secretions, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood. Despite the ease of finding Reovirus in clinical specimens, their role in human disease or treatment is still uncertain.

Reoviruses are non-enveloped and have an iscohedral capsid (T-13) composed of an outer and inner protein shell.

The genomes of viruses in Reoviridae contain 10-12 segments which are grouped into three categories corresponding to their size: L (large), M (medium) and S (small). Segments range from ~ 3.9 kbp – 1kbp [3] and each segment encodes 1-3 proteins. Reoviridae proteins are denoted by the Greek character corresponding to the segment it was translated from (the L segment encodes for λ proteins, the M segment encodes for μ proteins and the S segment encodes for σ proteins).

Since these viruses have dsRNA genomes, replication occurs exclusively in the cytoplasm and the virus encodes several proteins which are needed for replication and conversion of the dsRNA genome into (+)-RNAs. The virus can enter the host cell via a receptor on the cell surface. The receptor is not known but is thought to inlcude sialic acid and junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs). The virus is partially uncoated by proteases in the endolysosome, where the capsid is partially digested to allow further cell entry. The core particle then enters the cytoplasm by a yet unknown process where the genome is transcribed conservatively causing an excess of (+) sense strands, which are used as mRNA templates to synthesize (-) sense strands. Viral particles begin to assemble in the cytoplasm 6-7 hours after infection.

Work is also being done using the reovirus in approaches for combative cancer research. Oncolytics Biotech Inc in Canada has various Type I & II trials going forward using their compounded REOLYSIN® designed to focused on the development of oncolytic viruses as potential cancer therapeutics. Oncolytics’ clinical program includes a variety of Phase I and Phase I/II human trials.

Genera and type species

References

MicrobiologyBytes: Reoviruses, retrieved 2007-02-21


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