Dementia classification: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{Template:Dementia}} | {{Template:Dementia}} | ||
{{CMG}};{{AE}},{{Vbe}} | {{CMG}};{{AE}},{{Vbe}} | ||
== | ===Overview=== | ||
Vascular disease is a cause or contributor in 25 to 50 percent of cases of dementia, and vascular dementia is the second most common type of dementia in clinic- and population-based studies<ref name="pmid17568013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schneider JA, Arvanitakis Z, Bang W, Bennett DA |title=Mixed brain pathologies account for most dementia cases in community-dwelling older persons |journal=Neurology |volume=69 |issue=24 |pages=2197–204 |date=December 2007 |pmid=17568013 |doi=10.1212/01.wnl.0000271090.28148.24 |url=}}</ref> A population-based study found that 15 percent of patients who were cognitively impaired but not demented (CIND) were clinically diagnosed with vascular disease as the cause, but autopsy confirmation was not available | |||
===Cortical Dementias=== | ===Cortical Dementias=== | ||
* [[Alzheimer's disease]] | |||
* [[Vascular dementia]] (also known as ''multi-infarct dementia''), including [[Binswanger's disease]] | *[[Alzheimer's disease]] | ||
* [[Dementia with Lewy bodies]] (DLB) | *[[Vascular dementia]] (also known as ''multi-infarct dementia''), including [[Binswanger's disease]] | ||
* [[Alcohol dementia|Alcohol-Induced Persisting Dementia]] | *[[Dementia with Lewy bodies]] (DLB) | ||
** [[Korsakoff's syndrome]] | *[[Alcohol dementia|Alcohol-Induced Persisting Dementia]] | ||
** [[Wernicke's encephalopathy]] | **[[Korsakoff's syndrome]] | ||
* [[Frontotemporal lobar degenerations]] (FTLD), including [[Pick's disease]] | **[[Wernicke's encephalopathy]] | ||
** [[Frontotemporal dementia]] (or frontal variant FTLD) | *[[Frontotemporal lobar degenerations]] (FTLD), including [[Pick's disease]] | ||
** [[Semantic dementia]] (or temporal variant FTLD) | **[[Frontotemporal dementia]] (or frontal variant FTLD) | ||
** [[Progressive non-fluent aphasia]] | **[[Semantic dementia]] (or temporal variant FTLD) | ||
* [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]] | **[[Progressive non-fluent aphasia]] | ||
* [[Dementia pugilistica]] | *[[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]] | ||
* [[Moyamoya disease]] | *[[Dementia pugilistica]] | ||
*[[Moyamoya disease]] | |||
===Subcortical Dementias=== | ===Subcortical Dementias=== | ||
* Dementia due to [[Huntington's disease]] | |||
* Dementia due to [[Hypothyroidism]]<ref name="pmid16476810">{{cite journal |vauthors=Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Cha RH, Edland SD, Rocca WA |title=Incidence and causes of nondegenerative nonvascular dementia: a population-based study |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=218–21 |date=February 2006 |pmid=16476810 |doi=10.1001/archneur.63.2.218 |url=}}</ref> | *Dementia due to [[Huntington's disease]] | ||
* Dementia due to [[Parkinson's disease]] | *Dementia due to [[Hypothyroidism]]<ref name="pmid16476810">{{cite journal |vauthors=Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Cha RH, Edland SD, Rocca WA |title=Incidence and causes of nondegenerative nonvascular dementia: a population-based study |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=218–21 |date=February 2006 |pmid=16476810 |doi=10.1001/archneur.63.2.218 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Dementia due to [[B vitamins|Vitamin B1 deficiency]] | *Dementia due to [[Parkinson's disease]] | ||
* Dementia due to [[Vitamin B12 deficiency]] | *Dementia due to [[B vitamins|Vitamin B1 deficiency]] | ||
* Dementia due to [[Folate deficiency]] | *Dementia due to [[Vitamin B12 deficiency]] | ||
* Dementia due to [[Syphilis]]<ref name="pmid7595679">{{cite journal |vauthors=Weytingh MD, Bossuyt PM, van Crevel H |title=Reversible dementia: more than 10% or less than 1%? A quantitative review |journal=J. Neurol. |volume=242 |issue=7 |pages=466–71 |date=July 1995 |pmid=7595679 |doi=10.1007/BF00873551 |url=}}</ref> | *Dementia due to [[Folate deficiency]] | ||
* Dementia due to [[Subdural hematoma]] | *Dementia due to [[Syphilis]]<ref name="pmid7595679">{{cite journal |vauthors=Weytingh MD, Bossuyt PM, van Crevel H |title=Reversible dementia: more than 10% or less than 1%? A quantitative review |journal=J. Neurol. |volume=242 |issue=7 |pages=466–71 |date=July 1995 |pmid=7595679 |doi=10.1007/BF00873551 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Dementia due to [[Hypercalcaemia]] | *Dementia due to [[Subdural hematoma]] | ||
* Dementia due to [[Hypoglycemia]] | *Dementia due to [[Hypercalcaemia]] | ||
* [[AIDS dementia complex]] | *Dementia due to [[Hypoglycemia]] | ||
* Pseudodementia (associated with [[clinical depression]] and [[bipolar disorder]]) | *[[AIDS dementia complex]] | ||
* Substance-induced persisting dementia (related to psychoactive use and formerly Absinthism) | *Pseudodementia (associated with [[clinical depression]] and [[bipolar disorder]]) | ||
* Dementia due to multiple etiologies | *Substance-induced persisting dementia (related to psychoactive use and formerly Absinthism) | ||
* Dementia due to other general medical conditions (i.e. [[end stage renal failure]], [[cardiovascular disease]] etc.) | *Dementia due to multiple etiologies | ||
* Dementia not otherwise specified (used in cases where no specific criteria is met) | *Dementia due to other general medical conditions (i.e. [[end stage renal failure]], [[cardiovascular disease]] etc.) | ||
*Dementia not otherwise specified (used in cases where no specific criteria is met) | |||
Dementia and early onset dementia have been associated with neurovisceral porphyrias. Porphyria is listed in textbooks in the differential diagnosis of dementia. Because acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria and variegate porphyria are aggravated by environmental toxins and drugs the disorders should be ruled out when these etiologies are raised. | Dementia and early onset dementia have been associated with neurovisceral porphyrias. Porphyria is listed in textbooks in the differential diagnosis of dementia. Because acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria and variegate porphyria are aggravated by environmental toxins and drugs the disorders should be ruled out when these etiologies are raised. | ||
Revision as of 16:22, 8 October 2020
|
Dementia Microchapters |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: ,Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Vascular disease is a cause or contributor in 25 to 50 percent of cases of dementia, and vascular dementia is the second most common type of dementia in clinic- and population-based studies[1] A population-based study found that 15 percent of patients who were cognitively impaired but not demented (CIND) were clinically diagnosed with vascular disease as the cause, but autopsy confirmation was not available
Cortical Dementias
- Alzheimer's disease
- Vascular dementia (also known as multi-infarct dementia), including Binswanger's disease
- Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)
- Alcohol-Induced Persisting Dementia
- Frontotemporal lobar degenerations (FTLD), including Pick's disease
- Frontotemporal dementia (or frontal variant FTLD)
- Semantic dementia (or temporal variant FTLD)
- Progressive non-fluent aphasia
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
- Dementia pugilistica
- Moyamoya disease
Subcortical Dementias
- Dementia due to Huntington's disease
- Dementia due to Hypothyroidism[2]
- Dementia due to Parkinson's disease
- Dementia due to Vitamin B1 deficiency
- Dementia due to Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Dementia due to Folate deficiency
- Dementia due to Syphilis[3]
- Dementia due to Subdural hematoma
- Dementia due to Hypercalcaemia
- Dementia due to Hypoglycemia
- AIDS dementia complex
- Pseudodementia (associated with clinical depression and bipolar disorder)
- Substance-induced persisting dementia (related to psychoactive use and formerly Absinthism)
- Dementia due to multiple etiologies
- Dementia due to other general medical conditions (i.e. end stage renal failure, cardiovascular disease etc.)
- Dementia not otherwise specified (used in cases where no specific criteria is met)
Dementia and early onset dementia have been associated with neurovisceral porphyrias. Porphyria is listed in textbooks in the differential diagnosis of dementia. Because acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria and variegate porphyria are aggravated by environmental toxins and drugs the disorders should be ruled out when these etiologies are raised.
References
- ↑ Schneider JA, Arvanitakis Z, Bang W, Bennett DA (December 2007). "Mixed brain pathologies account for most dementia cases in community-dwelling older persons". Neurology. 69 (24): 2197–204. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000271090.28148.24. PMID 17568013.
- ↑ Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Cha RH, Edland SD, Rocca WA (February 2006). "Incidence and causes of nondegenerative nonvascular dementia: a population-based study". Arch. Neurol. 63 (2): 218–21. doi:10.1001/archneur.63.2.218. PMID 16476810.
- ↑ Weytingh MD, Bossuyt PM, van Crevel H (July 1995). "Reversible dementia: more than 10% or less than 1%? A quantitative review". J. Neurol. 242 (7): 466–71. doi:10.1007/BF00873551. PMID 7595679.