Sandbox:Maneesha: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 106: | Line 106: | ||
* Females>males | * Females>males | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | ||
* | * Presents with a flat red or purple patch | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | ||
Line 173: | Line 173: | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Lymphatic malformations<ref name="pmid250453302">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cox JA, Bartlett E, Lee EI |title=Vascular malformations: a review |journal=Semin Plast Surg |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=58–63 |date=May 2014 |pmid=25045330 |pmc=4078214 |doi=10.1055/s-0034-1376263 |url=}}</ref> | ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Lymphatic malformations<ref name="pmid250453302">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cox JA, Bartlett E, Lee EI |title=Vascular malformations: a review |journal=Semin Plast Surg |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=58–63 |date=May 2014 |pmid=25045330 |pmc=4078214 |doi=10.1055/s-0034-1376263 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23997487">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guruprasad Y, Chauhan DS |title=Cervical cystic hygroma |journal=J Maxillofac Oral Surg |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=333–6 |date=September 2012 |pmid=23997487 |pmc=3428451 |doi=10.1007/s12663-010-0149-x |url=}}</ref> | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Age: Birth - 5yrs | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | |||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | Sex: No predilection | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Presents with a large swelling mainly in the neck | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |- | |||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |+/- | |||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Soft | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Soft | ||
Non-compressible | |||
Non-pulsatile | |||
Fluctuant | |||
Transillumination+ | |||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Never regress expand/contract based on inflammation | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Never regress expand/contract based on inflammation | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |- | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Dilated lymphatic channels lined by endothelial cells | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Dilated lymphatic channels lined by endothelial cells | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | Positive D2-40 stain | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | Ultrasound: Hypo/anechoic with thick septa and fluid | |||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | Down syndrome, turner syndrome | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | Down syndrome, turner syndrome | ||
Line 200: | Line 209: | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | ||
* | * Presents with a neck swelling, hoarseness, stridor and globus sensation | ||
* Episodic in nature | * Episodic in nature | ||
Line 235: | Line 244: | ||
* Female: male=1:1.4 | * Female: male=1:1.4 | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | | ||
* | * Presents with a blue colored swelling in the floor of the mouth | ||
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - | | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | - |
Revision as of 15:41, 5 February 2019
Differential diagnosis of neck masses
Differential diagnosis of neck masses include:
Category | Diseases | Benign or Malignant | Clinical manifestation | Paraclinical findings | Gold standard diagnosis | Associated findings | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demography | History | Symptoms | Signs | Lab findings | Histopathology | Imaging | ||||||||||
Pain | Dysphagia | Mass exam | Skin changes | LAP | Others | |||||||||||
Congenital | Branchial cleft cyst[1] |
|
|
|
- | +/- |
|
|
- | - | - |
|
|
| ||
Thyroglossal duct cyst[2][3] |
|
|
|
- | - |
|
- | - | - | - |
|
|
- | |||
Haemangioma[4] |
|
|
|
- | - |
|
|
- | Regress gradually with age |
|
|
|
| |||
Vascular malformations[5] | Benign | Incidence: 1 in 2000 to 5000 births
Sex: No predilection |
Venous: Present with a bluish swelling
AV malformations: Present with purple/red swelling |
-/+ | - | Soft
Compressible Non-tender Venous: No thrill,↑ in size on valsalva AV malformations: Thrill, warm, pulsatile |
- | - | Grow proportionally with age | ↑ D-dimer levels in venous malfomations | Lined by single endothelial layer | Doppler ultrasound: Venous malformations show slow flow, hypoechoic, AV malformations show high flow
MRI with Gd: Diffuse enhancement |
MRI | - | ||
Lymphatic malformations[6][7] | Benign | Age: Birth - 5yrs
Sex: No predilection |
Presents with a large swelling mainly in the neck | - | +/- | Soft
Non-compressible Non-pulsatile Fluctuant Transillumination+ |
- | - | Never regress expand/contract based on inflammation | - | Dilated lymphatic channels lined by endothelial cells
Positive D2-40 stain |
Ultrasound: Hypo/anechoic with thick septa and fluid | Down syndrome, turner syndrome | |||
Laryngocele[8][9][10] |
|
|
|
- | +/- |
|
- | - |
|
- |
|
|
|
- | ||
Ranula[11] |
|
|
|
- | - |
|
- | |||||||||
Teratoma | Incidence: 1:4000 births | High ALP levels | ||||||||||||||
Dermoid cyst[12][13] |
|
|
|
- | - |
|
|
- | - |
|
|
|||||
Thymic cyst[14] |
|
|
|
- | - |
|
- | - | - |
|
|
|||||
Category | Diseases | Benign or Malignant | Demography | History | Pain | Dysphagia | Mass exam | Skin changes | LAP | Others | Lab findings | Histopathology | Imaging | Gold standard diagnosis | Associated findings | |
Inflammatory | Acute sialadenitis [15] |
|
|
|
+ | - |
|
|
+ |
|
|
|
||||
Chronic sialadenitis |
|
|
|
+ | - |
|
|
|
||||||||
Reactive viral lymphadenopathy | CMV[16] |
|
|
|
- | - |
|
- |
|
- | ↑ESR
↑SGOT/SGPT |
|
|
|||
EBV[17][18] |
|
|
|
- | - |
|
- |
|
- |
|
|
Usually not necessary |
|
|||
HIV |
|
|||||||||||||||
Viral URI | ||||||||||||||||
Bacterial lymphadenopathy | Tularemia[19] |
|
|
|
+ | - |
|
|
|
- | - |
|
- |
|
||
Brucellosis | Benign | Incidence: 100-200 cases anually in USA
All ages and sexes are affected |
Non-caseating granuloma+ giant cells, epitheloid cells | |||||||||||||
Cat-scratch disease | ||||||||||||||||
Actinomycosis | ||||||||||||||||
Mycobacterial infections | ||||||||||||||||
Staphylococcal or streptococcal infection | ||||||||||||||||
Parasitic lymphadenopathy | Toxoplasma gondii | |||||||||||||||
Sarcoidosis | ||||||||||||||||
Amyloidosis | ||||||||||||||||
Sjögren syndrome | ||||||||||||||||
Castleman disease (angiofollicular lymphoproliferative disease) | ||||||||||||||||
Kikuchi disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis) | ||||||||||||||||
Kimura disease | ||||||||||||||||
Rosai-Dorfman disease | ||||||||||||||||
Kawasaki disease | ||||||||||||||||
Category | Diseases | Benign or Malignant | Demography | History | Pain | Dysphagia | Mass exam | Skin changes | LAP | Others | Lab findings | Histopathology | Imaging | Gold standard diagnosis | Associated findings | |
Neoplasm | Primary thyroid tumor | |||||||||||||||
Salivary gland neoplasm | Pleomorphic adenoma | + | ||||||||||||||
Warthin's tumor | + | |||||||||||||||
Lymphoepithelioma | + | |||||||||||||||
Oncocytoma | ||||||||||||||||
Monomorphic adenoma | ||||||||||||||||
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma | ||||||||||||||||
Adenoid cystic carcinoma | ||||||||||||||||
Adenocarcinoma | ||||||||||||||||
Salivary duct carcinoma | ||||||||||||||||
Squamous cell carcinoma | ||||||||||||||||
Parathyroid tumors | ||||||||||||||||
Carotid body tumors | ||||||||||||||||
Paraganglioma | ||||||||||||||||
Schwannoma | ||||||||||||||||
Lymphoma | ||||||||||||||||
Liposarcoma | ||||||||||||||||
Lipoma | ||||||||||||||||
Glomus vagale, glomus jugulare tumors | ||||||||||||||||
Metastatic head and neck carcinoma | ||||||||||||||||
Other | Hematoma | |||||||||||||||
Arteriovenous fistula | ||||||||||||||||
Goiter | ||||||||||||||||
Category | Diseases | Benign | Demography | History | Pain | Dysphagia | Mass exam | Skin changes | LAP | Others | Lab findings | Histopathology | Imaging | Gold standard diagnosis | Associated findings |
References
- ↑ Nahata, Vaishali (2016). "Branchial cleft cyst". Indian Journal of Dermatology. 61 (6): 701. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.193718. ISSN 0019-5154.
- ↑ Amos J, Shermetaro C. PMID 30085599. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - ↑ Deaver MJ, Silman EF, Lotfipour S (August 2009). "Infected thyroglossal duct cyst". West J Emerg Med. 10 (3): 205. PMC 2729228. PMID 19718389.
- ↑ Léauté-Labrèze, C.; Prey, S.; Ezzedine, K. (2011). "Infantile haemangioma: Part I. Pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical features, life cycle and associated structural abnormalities". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 25 (11): 1245–1253. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04102.x. ISSN 0926-9959.
- ↑ Cox JA, Bartlett E, Lee EI (May 2014). "Vascular malformations: a review". Semin Plast Surg. 28 (2): 58–63. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376263. PMC 4078214. PMID 25045330.
- ↑ Cox JA, Bartlett E, Lee EI (May 2014). "Vascular malformations: a review". Semin Plast Surg. 28 (2): 58–63. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376263. PMC 4078214. PMID 25045330.
- ↑ Guruprasad Y, Chauhan DS (September 2012). "Cervical cystic hygroma". J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 11 (3): 333–6. doi:10.1007/s12663-010-0149-x. PMC 3428451. PMID 23997487.
- ↑ Werner RL, Schroeder JW, Castle JT (March 2014). "Bilateral laryngoceles". Head Neck Pathol. 8 (1): 110–3. doi:10.1007/s12105-013-0478-4. PMC 3950389. PMID 23881550.
- ↑ Prasad KC, Vijayalakshmi S, Prasad SC (December 2008). "Laryngoceles - presentations and management". Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 60 (4): 303–8. doi:10.1007/s12070-008-0108-8. PMC 3476818. PMID 23120570.
- ↑ Mahdoufi R, Barhmi I, Tazi N, Abada R, Roubal M, Mahtar M (July 2017). "Mixed Pyolaryngocele: A Rare Case of Deep Neck Infection". Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 29 (93): 225–228. PMC 5554815. PMID 28819622.
- ↑ Packiri S, Gurunathan D, Selvarasu K (September 2017). "Management of Paediatric Oral Ranula: A Systematic Review". J Clin Diagn Res. 11 (9): ZE06–ZE09. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2017/28498.10622. PMC 5713871. PMID 29207849.
- ↑ Paradis, Josée; Koltai, Peter J. (2015). "Pediatric Teratoma and Dermoid Cysts". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 48 (1): 121–136. doi:10.1016/j.otc.2014.09.009. ISSN 0030-6665.
- ↑ Gaddikeri S, Vattoth S, Gaddikeri RS, Stuart R, Harrison K, Young D, Bhargava P (2014). "Congenital cystic neck masses: embryology and imaging appearances, with clinicopathological correlation". Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 43 (2): 55–67. doi:10.1067/j.cpradiol.2013.12.001. PMID 24629659.
- ↑ Gaddikeri, Santhosh; Vattoth, Surjith; Gaddikeri, Ramya S.; Stuart, Royal; Harrison, Keith; Young, Daniel; Bhargava, Puneet (2014). "Congenital Cystic Neck Masses: Embryology and Imaging Appearances, With Clinicopathological Correlation". Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology. 43 (2): 55–67. doi:10.1067/j.cpradiol.2013.12.001. ISSN 0363-0188.
- ↑ Abdel Razek A, Mukherji S (June 2017). "Imaging of sialadenitis". Neuroradiol J. 30 (3): 205–215. doi:10.1177/1971400916682752. PMC 5480791. PMID 28059621. Vancouver style error: initials (help)
- ↑ Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A (March 2014). "Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools". Iran J Med Sci. 39 (2 Suppl): 158–70. PMC 3993046. PMID 24753638.
- ↑ Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A (March 2014). "Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools". Iran J Med Sci. 39 (2 Suppl): 158–70. PMC 3993046. PMID 24753638.
- ↑ Stuhlmann-Laeisz C, Oschlies I, Klapper W (December 2014). "Detection of EBV in reactive and neoplastic lymphoproliferations in adults-when and how?". J Hematop. 7 (4): 165–170. doi:10.1007/s12308-014-0209-0. PMC 4243011. PMID 25478033.
- ↑ Grunow R, Splettstoesser W, McDonald S, Otterbein C, O'Brien T, Morgan C, Aldrich J, Hofer E, Finke EJ, Meyer H (January 2000). "Detection of Francisella tularensis in biological specimens using a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, an immunochromatographic handheld assay, and a PCR". Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 7 (1): 86–90. PMC 95828. PMID 10618283.