Polymyositis and dermatomyositis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 38: Line 38:
*[[Conduction disorders|Conduction abnormalities]] and [[Cardiac arrhythmia|arrhythmia]]
*[[Conduction disorders|Conduction abnormalities]] and [[Cardiac arrhythmia|arrhythmia]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Cancer|Malignancy]] like:
*[[Cancer|Malignancy]] like:<ref name="TiniakouMammen2015">{{cite journal|last1=Tiniakou|first1=Eleni|last2=Mammen|first2=Andrew L.|title=Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies and Malignancy: a Comprehensive Review|journal=Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology|volume=52|issue=1|year=2015|pages=20–33|issn=1080-0549|doi=10.1007/s12016-015-8511-x}}</ref>
*Other [[Connective tissue disease|connective tissue diseases]] like  
*Other [[Connective tissue disease|connective tissue diseases]] like  
**[[Scleroderma]]
**[[Scleroderma]]
Line 45: Line 45:
**[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
**[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
**[[Sjögren's syndrome]]
**[[Sjögren's syndrome]]
==Gross Pathology==
==Gross Pathology==
*On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
*On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

Revision as of 18:40, 11 April 2018

Polymyositis and dermatomyositis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Polymyositis and dermatomyositis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Polymyositis and dermatomyositis pathophysiology On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Polymyositis and dermatomyositis pathophysiology

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Polymyositis and dermatomyositis pathophysiology

CDC on Polymyositis and dermatomyositis pathophysiology

Polymyositis and dermatomyositis pathophysiology in the news

Blogs on Polymyositis and dermatomyositis pathophysiology

Directions to Hospitals Treating Psoriasis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Polymyositis and dermatomyositis pathophysiology

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]

Overview

The exact pathogenesis of polymyositis and dermatomyositis is not fully understood.

Pathophysiology

Pathogenesis

The exact pathogenesis of polymyositis and dermatomyositis is not fully understood. However, it is understood that polymyositis and dermatomyositis are the result of autoimmune attack but triggering factors of are not well-known.

Polymyositis

  • Polymyositis is caused by inflammation and degeneration of the muscles.
  • In polymyositis, CD8-positive cytotoxic T cells invade muscle fibres that express MHC class I antigens which may leads to fibre necrosis via the perforin pathway.

Dermatomyositis

  • Dermatomyositis is caused by skin inflammation.[1][2][3][4]
  • In dermatomyositis, activation and deposition of complements may lead to lysis of endomysial capillaries and muscle ischemia.[5]

Antisynthetase syndrome

Amyopathic dermatomyositis

Genetics

  • [Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
  • Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include [gene1], [gene2], and [gene3].
  • The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
  • Genes might be associated with development of polymyositis and dermatomyositis, especially in familial cases, which include:[6]
    • HLA DRB1*0301 alleles for polymyositis and inclusion-body myositis
    • HLA DQA1*0501 for juvenile dermatomyositis,
    • Tumour necrosis factor 308A polymorphism for photosensitivity in dermatomyositis

Associated Conditions

Different conditions associated with polymyositis and dermatomyositis include:

Gross Pathology

  • On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

Microscopic Pathology

  • On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

References

  1. Bodoki L, Nagy-Vincze M, Griger Z, Betteridge Z, Szöllősi L, Dankó K (December 2014). "Four dermatomyositis-specific autoantibodies-anti-TIF1γ, anti-NXP2, anti-SAE and anti-MDA5-in adult and juvenile patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in a Hungarian cohort". Autoimmun Rev. 13 (12): 1211–9. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.08.011. PMID 25182203.
  2. Tiniakou E, Mammen AL (February 2017). "Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies and Malignancy: a Comprehensive Review". Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 52 (1): 20–33. doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8511-x. PMID 26429706.
  3. Bohan, Anthony; Peter, James B. (1975). "Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis". New England Journal of Medicine. 292 (8): 403–407. doi:10.1056/NEJM197502202920807. ISSN 0028-4793.
  4. Adler BL, Christopher-Stine L (February 2018). "Triggers of inflammatory myopathy: insights into pathogenesis". Discov Med. 25 (136): 75–83. PMID 29579414.
  5. Dalakas, Marinos C; Hohlfeld, Reinhard (2003). "Polymyositis and dermatomyositis". The Lancet. 362 (9388): 971–982. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14368-1. ISSN 0140-6736.
  6. Dalakas, Marinos C; Hohlfeld, Reinhard (2003). "Polymyositis and dermatomyositis". The Lancet. 362 (9388): 971–982. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14368-1. ISSN 0140-6736.
  7. Tiniakou, Eleni; Mammen, Andrew L. (2015). "Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies and Malignancy: a Comprehensive Review". Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology. 52 (1): 20–33. doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8511-x. ISSN 1080-0549.