Femoral hernia physical examination: Difference between revisions
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===Vital Signs=== | ===Vital Signs=== | ||
*Vital signs of patients with femoral hernia are usually normal. | *Vital signs of patients with femoral hernia are usually normal. | ||
*If incarceration is present, the following vital signs maybe present indicating sepsis:<ref name="pmid25693015">{{cite journal| author=Fitzgibbons RJ, Forse RA| title=Clinical practice. Groin hernias in adults. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2015 | volume= 372 | issue= 8 | pages= 756-63 | pmid=25693015 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1404068 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25693015 }} </ref> | |||
**Fever | |||
**[[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse | |||
**Low blood pressure | |||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
Revision as of 15:23, 2 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M. Khurram Afzal, MD [2]
Overview
Patients with femoral hernia usually appear normal. Physical examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually remarkable for swelling or lump below the inguinal ligament maybe present. It is a difficult diagnosis and maybe impossible to differentiate from inguinal hernia. If incarceration is present, the swelling or lump maybe tender.
Physical Examination
- The presence of lump/swelling below the inguinal ligament on physical examination is highly suggestive of femoral hernia.
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with femoral hernia usually appear normal.
Vital Signs
- Vital signs of patients with femoral hernia are usually normal.
- If incarceration is present, the following vital signs maybe present indicating sepsis:[1]
- Fever
- Tachycardia with regular pulse
- Low blood pressure
Skin
- Skin examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
Abdomen
- Abdominal examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
- If incarceration is present bowel sounds maybe absent.[2]
Back
- Back examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
Genitourinary
- Swelling/lump may be present below the inguinal ligament.
- If incarceration is present the palpable swelling below the inguinal ligament may be tender.[2]
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
Extremities
- Extremities examination of patients with femoral hernia is usually normal.
References
- ↑ Fitzgibbons RJ, Forse RA (2015). "Clinical practice. Groin hernias in adults". N Engl J Med. 372 (8): 756–63. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1404068. PMID 25693015.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Yang XF, Liu JL (2014). "Acute incarcerated external abdominal hernia". Ann Transl Med. 2 (11): 110. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.11.05. PMC 4245506. PMID 25489584.