Erythrasma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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**The [[bacteria]] proliferates on the [[epidermis]] and develops at the intracellular level of the [[stratum corneum]]. | **The [[bacteria]] proliferates on the [[epidermis]] and develops at the intracellular level of the [[stratum corneum]]. | ||
**Penetration of the skin occurs when the horny [[cells]] of the [[plasma]] [[membranes]] rupture . | **Penetration of the skin occurs when the horny [[cells]] of the [[plasma]] [[membranes]] rupture . | ||
**Keratolysis occurs due to the removal of [[keratin]] [[fibrils]] from the [[bacteria]] | **Keratolysis occurs due to the removal of [[keratin]] [[fibrils]] from the [[bacteria]]. | ||
***The exact cause, chemical or systemic, of the keratolysis is unknown.<ref name="Raubitschek1962">{{cite journal|last1=Raubitschek|first1=F.|title=Mechanical versus chemical keratolysis by dermatophytes|journal=Medical Mycology|volume=1|issue=2|year=1962|pages=87–90|issn=1369-3786|doi=10.1080/00362176285190191}}</ref> | ***The exact cause, chemical or systemic, of the keratolysis is unknown.<ref name="Raubitschek1962">{{cite journal|last1=Raubitschek|first1=F.|title=Mechanical versus chemical keratolysis by dermatophytes|journal=Medical Mycology|volume=1|issue=2|year=1962|pages=87–90|issn=1369-3786|doi=10.1080/00362176285190191}}</ref> | ||
**[[Hyperkeratosis]] leads to the formation of reddish-brown [[lesions]] characteristic of Erythrasma.<ref name="pmid5848336">{{cite journal |vauthors=Montes LF, McBride ME, Johnson WP, Owens DW, Knox JM |title=Ultrastructural study of the host-bacterium relationship in erythrasma |journal=J. Bacteriol. |volume=90 |issue=5 |pages=1489–91 |year=1965 |pmid=5848336 |pmc=315839 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Microscopic Pathology=== | ===Microscopic Pathology=== | ||
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**Disappearance of [[plasma]] [[cell]] [[membranes]] at the sites of ''[[Corynebacterium|Corynebacterium minitissium]]'' infiltration. | **Disappearance of [[plasma]] [[cell]] [[membranes]] at the sites of ''[[Corynebacterium|Corynebacterium minitissium]]'' infiltration. | ||
**Decreased [[electron]] density around intracellular [[bacteria]] and those in direct contact with the [[cell]] wall | **Decreased [[electron]] density around intracellular [[bacteria]] and those in direct contact with the [[cell]] wall | ||
===Associated Conditions=== | |||
Erythrasma is associated with the following dermatological conditions: | |||
*Other [[cornyebacterium]]-infection pathologies:<ref name="pmid27294050">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pinto M, Hundi GK, Bhat RM, Bala NK, Dandekeri S, Martis J, Kambil SM |title=Clinical and epidemiological features of coryneform skin infections at a tertiary hospital |journal=Indian Dermatol Online J |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=168–73 |year=2016 |pmid=27294050 |pmc=4886587 |doi=10.4103/2229-5178.182351 |url=}}</ref> | |||
**[[Pitted keratolysis]] | |||
**Trichobacteriosis | |||
*[[Tinea pedis]] | |||
*[[Tinea versicolor]]<ref name="pmid19988837">{{cite journal |vauthors=Whittle CH |title=Tinea Versicolor of the Trunk and Groins Simulating Erythrasma |journal=Proc. R. Soc. Med. |volume=25 |issue=8 |pages=1318–9 |year=1932 |pmid=19988837 |pmc=2184180 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:55, 28 September 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
- Erythrasma develops when Corynebacterium minitissium infiltrates the stratum corneum and proliferate.[1]
- The bacteria proliferates on the epidermis and develops at the intracellular level of the stratum corneum.
- Penetration of the skin occurs when the horny cells of the plasma membranes rupture .
- Keratolysis occurs due to the removal of keratin fibrils from the bacteria.
- The exact cause, chemical or systemic, of the keratolysis is unknown.[2]
- Hyperkeratosis leads to the formation of reddish-brown lesions characteristic of Erythrasma.[3]
Microscopic Pathology
- Erythrasma presents with the following microscopic findings:[1]
- Thickening of stratum corneum without signs of parakeratosis
- Largest concentration of Corynebacterium minitissium in the upper third of the stratum corneum
- Widening of intracelluar space, allowing bacterial invasion, and separation of the horny cells
- Disappearance of plasma cell membranes at the sites of Corynebacterium minitissium infiltration.
- Decreased electron density around intracellular bacteria and those in direct contact with the cell wall
Associated Conditions
Erythrasma is associated with the following dermatological conditions:
- Other cornyebacterium-infection pathologies:[4]
- Pitted keratolysis
- Trichobacteriosis
- Tinea pedis
- Tinea versicolor[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Montes, Leopoldo F.; Black, S.H.; McBride, Mollie E. (1967). "Bacterial Invasion of the Stratum Corneum in Erythrasma". Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 49 (5): 474–485. doi:10.1038/jid.1967.168. ISSN 0022-202X.
- ↑ Raubitschek, F. (1962). "Mechanical versus chemical keratolysis by dermatophytes". Medical Mycology. 1 (2): 87–90. doi:10.1080/00362176285190191. ISSN 1369-3786.
- ↑ Montes LF, McBride ME, Johnson WP, Owens DW, Knox JM (1965). "Ultrastructural study of the host-bacterium relationship in erythrasma". J. Bacteriol. 90 (5): 1489–91. PMC 315839. PMID 5848336.
- ↑ Pinto M, Hundi GK, Bhat RM, Bala NK, Dandekeri S, Martis J, Kambil SM (2016). "Clinical and epidemiological features of coryneform skin infections at a tertiary hospital". Indian Dermatol Online J. 7 (3): 168–73. doi:10.4103/2229-5178.182351. PMC 4886587. PMID 27294050.
- ↑ Whittle CH (1932). "Tinea Versicolor of the Trunk and Groins Simulating Erythrasma". Proc. R. Soc. Med. 25 (8): 1318–9. PMC 2184180. PMID 19988837.