Sandbox:Parotitis medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Medical Therapy== | ==Medical Therapy== | ||
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*[[Viral]] parotitis from [[HIV]] should also be treated with [[HIV AIDS medical therapy#Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART)|antiretroviral]] medication . | *[[Viral]] parotitis from [[HIV]] should also be treated with [[HIV AIDS medical therapy#Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART)|antiretroviral]] medication . | ||
===Recurrent Parotitis=== | ===Recurrent Parotitis<ref name="pmid25077394">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson KF, Meier JD, Ward PD |title=Salivary gland disorders |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=89 |issue=11 |pages=882–8 |year=2014 |pmid=25077394 |doi= |url=}}</ref>=== | ||
In addition to supportive care, chronic recurrent parotitis treatment includes the following: | In addition to supportive care, chronic recurrent parotitis treatment includes the following: | ||
*'''Sialendoscopy:''' | *'''Sialendoscopy:''' Used to relieve parotitis in patients with [[sialolithiasis|parotid gland obstruction]] | ||
*Surgical removal of the [[parotid gland]] if the cause is [[neoplasma|neoplasmic]] or symptomatic treatment does not work. | |||
===Bacterial Parotitis=== | |||
*[[Antibiotic]] therapy is used to treat parotitis resulting from [[Staphylococcus aureus infection|Staphylococcus aureus infection]], depending on whether the strain is suspected to be methicillin-susceptible [[staphylococcus aureus]] (MSSA) or methicillin-resistant [[staphylococcus aureus]] (MRSA).<ref>{{cite book | last = Gilbert | first = David | title = The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy | publisher = Antimicrobial Therapy | location = Sperryville, Va | year = 2015 | isbn = 978-1930808843 }}</ref> | |||
**Preferred regimen (MSSA suspected): [[Nafcillin]] 2 g IV q4h {{or}} [[Oxacillin]] 2 g IV q4h | |||
**Preferred regimen (MRSA suspected): [[Vancomycin]] 1 g IV q12h | |||
*If an [[abscess]] forms then surgical drainage will be required.<ref name="pmid12544218">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brook I |title=Acute bacterial suppurative parotitis: microbiology and management |journal=J Craniofac Surg |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=37–40 |year=2003 |pmid=12544218 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Parotitis from [[extrapulmonary tuberculosis]] will require anti-tuberculosis therapy:<ref name="urlCDC | TB | Treatment">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/treatment/ |title=CDC | TB | Treatment |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
**[[Isoniazid]] | |||
**[[Rifampin]] | |||
**[[Ethambutol]] | |||
**[[Pyrazinamide]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 16:58, 16 March 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Medical Therapy
Viral Parotitis[1]
- Viral parotitis treatment is primarily symptomatic and supportive, including the following:[2]
- Analgesics:[3]
- Massaging the parotid gland with heat.
- Rinsing the mouth with warm salt water.
- Increasing saliva flow with extra fluids or foods that stimulate saliva flow:
- Lemon drops
- Vitamin C lozenges[4]
- Viral parotitis from HIV should also be treated with antiretroviral medication .
Recurrent Parotitis[4]
In addition to supportive care, chronic recurrent parotitis treatment includes the following:
- Sialendoscopy: Used to relieve parotitis in patients with parotid gland obstruction
- Surgical removal of the parotid gland if the cause is neoplasmic or symptomatic treatment does not work.
Bacterial Parotitis
- Antibiotic therapy is used to treat parotitis resulting from Staphylococcus aureus infection, depending on whether the strain is suspected to be methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) or methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).[5]
- Preferred regimen (MSSA suspected): Nafcillin 2 g IV q4h OR Oxacillin 2 g IV q4h
- Preferred regimen (MRSA suspected): Vancomycin 1 g IV q12h
- If an abscess forms then surgical drainage will be required.[6]
- Parotitis from extrapulmonary tuberculosis will require anti-tuberculosis therapy:[7]
References
- ↑ "Salivary gland infections: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".
- ↑ Gupta, R. K (2005). "Mumps and the UK epidemic 2005". BMJ. 330 (7500): 1132–1135. doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7500.1132. ISSN 0959-8138.
- ↑ Sujatha S, Rakesh N, Raghav N, Devaraju D, Shridevi G (2009). "Case report: Report of a rare case of juvenile recurrent parotitis and review of literature". Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 10 Suppl 1: 31–4. PMID 19863896.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Wilson KF, Meier JD, Ward PD (2014). "Salivary gland disorders". Am Fam Physician. 89 (11): 882–8. PMID 25077394.
- ↑ Gilbert, David (2015). The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy. Sperryville, Va: Antimicrobial Therapy. ISBN 978-1930808843.
- ↑ Brook I (2003). "Acute bacterial suppurative parotitis: microbiology and management". J Craniofac Surg. 14 (1): 37–40. PMID 12544218.
- ↑ "CDC | TB | Treatment".