Cardiogenic shock causes: Difference between revisions
Joao Silva (talk | contribs) |
Joao Silva (talk | contribs) |
||
Line 201: | Line 201: | ||
*[[Pericardial tamponade]] | *[[Pericardial tamponade]] | ||
*[[Pneumothorax]] | *[[Pneumothorax]] | ||
*[[Prior valvular disease]] | *[[valvular disease|Prior valvular disease]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary embolism]] | *[[Pulmonary embolism]] | ||
*[[Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta]] | *[[Aortic dissection|Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta]] | ||
*[[Right ventricle infarction]] | *[[Right ventricle]] [[MI|infarction]] | ||
*[[Right ventricular failure]] | *[[Right ventricular failure]] | ||
*[[Rupture of chordae tendineae]] | *[[Rupture of chordae tendineae]] | ||
*[[Ruptured ventricular free wall aneurysm]] | *[[free wall rupture|Ruptured ventricular free wall]] [[aneurysm]] | ||
*[[Septic shock with myocardial | *[[Septic shock]] with [[myocardial]] depression | ||
*[[Severe cardiomyopathy]] | *[[cardiomyopathy|Severe cardiomyopathy]] | ||
*[[Severe pulmonary hypertension]] | *[[Severe pulmonary hypertension]] | ||
*[[Sinus bradycardia]] | *[[Sinus bradycardia]] | ||
*[[ | *[[STEMI|ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)]] | ||
*[[Stress-induced cardiomyopathy]] | *[[Stress-induced cardiomyopathy]] | ||
*[[Subendocardial ischemia]] | *[[Subendocardial ischemia]] |
Revision as of 01:50, 2 May 2014
Cardiogenic Shock Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Cardiogenic shock causes On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cardiogenic shock causes |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Cardiogenic shock causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Cardiogenic shock may occur in the setting of different cardiac conditions, therefore assessing its source in the cardiac patient may be challenging. These cardiac conditions may involve different structures of the heart including: myocardial or pericardial disease, valvular disease, acute coronary syndrome or different mechanical injuries to the heart, described below. Nevertheless, considering the predominance of coronary artery disease today, ACS is the most common cause of this type of shock. To reach the right diagnosis, the clinician will have to gather information from the history and clinical examination, however, since most conditions may present with overlapping syndromes, timing and changes in these findings are of outermost importance.[1] Auxiliary tools, such as echocardiography and electrocardiography, are crucial in differentiating and identifying the possible causes of cardiogenic shock.[2][3]
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Cardiogenic Shock is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes. Life-threatening conditions may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Causes of Cardiogenic Shock Classified According to Underlying Pathophysiologic Mechanism
Systolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction
- Hypophosphatemia as can be seen in the refeeding syndrome)
- Septic shock with myocardial depression
Diastolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction
- Subendocardial ischemia
- Excess wall stress
Obstruction of Left Ventricular Outflow and Increased After Load
Reversal of Flow into the Left Ventricle
- Aortic insufficiency
- Endocarditis
- Aortic dissection
- Chordal rupture, from degenerative disease or trauma[4]
Inadequate Left Ventricular Filling due to Mechanical Causes
Inadequate Left Ventricular Filling due to Inadequate Filling Time
- Tachycardia mediated cardiomyopathy
Conduction Abnormalities
Mechanical Defect
- Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
- Ruptured chordae
- Myocardial rupture of the left ventricular free wall
Right Ventricular Failure
Iatrogenic
- Excess administration of vasodilators and venodilators
- Apical balloon syndrome or Takotsubo cardiomyopathy[5]
Miscellaneous
References
- ↑ Hasdai, David. (2002). Cardiogenic shock : diagnosis and treatmen. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. ISBN 1-58829-025-5.
- ↑ Hasdai, David. (2002). Cardiogenic shock : diagnosis and treatmen. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. ISBN 1-58829-025-5.
- ↑ Reynolds, H. R.; Hochman, J. S. (2008). "Cardiogenic Shock: Current Concepts and Improving Outcomes". Circulation. 117 (5): 686–697. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.613596. ISSN 0009-7322.
- ↑ Hasdai, David. (2002). Cardiogenic shock : diagnosis and treatmen. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. ISBN 1-58829-025-5.
- ↑ Gianni, M. (2006). "Apical ballooning syndrome or takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a systematic review". European Heart Journal. 27 (13): 1523–1529. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl032. ISSN 0195-668X.