Acetaminophen overdose resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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==Definition==
==Definition==
Acetaaminophen is widely used as a pain medication in the U.S .  An overdose normally occurs when somebody ingests it accidentally or intentionally above the normal recommended dose .  It one of the most common poisoning  in the U.S and worldwide .  The main reason of this being that is is easily available  and people think that it is a very safe medication .  It is available in the U.S market under the following brand names .
This section provides a short and straight to the point definition of the disease or symptom in one sentence.


*[[Tylenol]]
==Causes==
*Anacin-3
===Life Threatening Causes===
*Liquiprin
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
*Percocet
* [[Life threatening cause 1]]
*Tempra
* [[Life threatening cause 2]]
*Cold and flu medicines.
* [[Life threatening cause 3]]
*Aceta
*Actimin
*Apacet
*Aspirin Free Anacin
*Atasol
*Banesin
*Dapa
*Datril Extra-Strength
*Feverall
*Fibi
*Genapap
*Genebs,
*[[Panadol]]
===Common dosage forms and strengths===


#Suppository: 120 mg, 125 mg, 325 mg, 650 mg
===Common Causes===
#Chewable tablets: 80 mg
* [[Common cause 1]]
#Regular strength: 325 mg
* [[Common cause 2]]
#Extra strength: 500 mg
* [[Common cause 3]]
#Liquid: 160 mg/teaspoon
* [[Common cause 4]]
#Drops: 100 mg / mL, 120 mg / 2.5 mL
* [[Common cause 5]]
 
'''mg = milligrams'''
 
Maximum advisable dosage is 4000 mg of acetaminophen a day .  A severe overdose can happen if taken more than 7000 mg / day .
 
==Causes/Pathophysiology==
After ingestion of an excessive amount of acetaminophen a toxic metabolite called '''N-acetyl-p-benzoquinonimine (NAPQI)''' is formed in excess and hence the normal pathways of conjugating by glutathione are saturated .  This results in glutathione depletion which leads to liver injury .


==Management==
==Management==
Most of the patients who have an overdose of acetaminophen are asymptomatic . A few however who are symptomatic show symptoms only after 12 hrs of ingestion.
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the approach to <nowiki>[[disease name]]</nowiki>.
{{familytree/start |summary=PE diagnosis Algorithm.}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | A01 |A01= }}
{{familytree | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.| | | }}
{{familytree | | | B01 | | | | | | | | B02 | | |B01= |B02= }}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | C01 | | | | | | | | |!| |C01= }}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|.| | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | D01 | | D02 | | | | | | D03 |D01= |D02= |D03= }}
{{familytree | |!| | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|.| }}
{{familytree | E01 | | | | | | | E02 | | | E03 |E01= |E02= |E03= }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | F01 | | | F02 |F01= |F02= }}
{{familytree/end}}


==References==
==References==


[[Category:Toxicology]]
 
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Revision as of 17:11, 10 January 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahmoud Sakr, M.D. [2]

Definition

This section provides a short and straight to the point definition of the disease or symptom in one sentence.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Management

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the approach to [[disease name]].

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References


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