Chronic liver disease: Difference between revisions
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===Physical examination=== | ===Physical examination=== | ||
====Skin==== | ====Skin==== | ||
*Increased pigmentation of the skin | *Increased pigmentation of the skin | ||
*Tattoos | *Tattoos | ||
*[[Scratch mark]]s | *[[Scratch mark]]s | ||
==== Eyes ==== | ==== Eyes ==== | ||
*[[Kayser-Fleisher | *[[Kayser-Fleisher rings]] | ||
*[[Jaundice]] | *[[Jaundice]] | ||
==== Heart ==== | ==== Heart ==== | ||
*Signs of | *Signs of [[right heart failure]] | ||
==== Lungs ==== | ==== Lungs ==== | ||
*[[Hyperventilation]] | *[[Hyperventilation]] | ||
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* [[Hepato-biliary diseases]] | * [[Hepato-biliary diseases]] | ||
Revision as of 19:32, 26 July 2012
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Chronic liver disease is a liver disease of slow process and persisting over a long period of time, resulting in a progressive destruction of the liver.
Causes
It can refer to:
- Cirrhosis
- Alcoholic liver disease
- Hepatitis C
- Hepatitis B
- Autoimmune hepatitis
- Liver failure
- Portal hypertension
- Hemochromatosis
- Wilson's disease
- Gaucher disease
- Liver cancer
- Hepatoma
- Primary biliary cirrhosis
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Sarcoidosis
- Zellweger syndrome
Risk Factors
- Health care professionals who are exposed to body fluids and infected blood
- Individuals who get multiple tattoos and body piercing
- Certain prescription medications
- Excessive alcohol use
- Having high levels of fat in the blood
- Sharing infected needle and syringes
- Having unprotected sex and multiple sex partners
- Working with toxic chemicals without wearing safety clothes
Natural History, Complications, Prognosis
Complications
- Portal hypertension
- Hypoalbuminaemia
- Coagulopathy
- Hepatopulmonary syndrome
- Hepatorenal syndrome
- Encephalopathy
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (also called hepatoma)
Diagnosis
Physical examination
Skin
- Increased pigmentation of the skin
- Tattoos
- Scratch marks
Eyes
Heart
- Signs of right heart failure
Lungs
Abdomen
- Hepatomegaly
- Ascites
- Spider nevi (angiomata)
Extremities
Neurologic
- Metabolic Flap/Asterixis