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==Other Imaging Findings==
==Other Imaging Findings==
===Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)===
===Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)===
* [[Single photon emission computed tomography]] ([[SPECT]]) imaging has been used to look for [[cerebral]] [[perfusion|hypoperfusion]] which indicates [[Lyme disease|Lyme]] [[encephalitis]] in the patient.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Sumiya H, Kobayashi K, Mizukoshi C, ''et al'' |title=Brain perfusion SPECT in Lyme neuroborreliosis |journal=J. Nucl. Med. |volume=38 |issue=7 |pages=1120-2 |year=1997 |pmid=9225802 }}</ref>   
* [[Single photon emission computed tomography]] ([[SPECT]]) imaging has been used to look for [[cerebral]] [[perfusion|hypoperfusion]], which indicates [[Lyme disease|Lyme]] [[encephalitis]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Sumiya H, Kobayashi K, Mizukoshi C, ''et al'' |title=Brain perfusion SPECT in Lyme neuroborreliosis |journal=J. Nucl. Med. |volume=38 |issue=7 |pages=1120-2 |year=1997 |pmid=9225802 }}</ref>   


* In [[Lyme]] patients, cerebral [[hypoperfusion]] of frontal [[Basal ganglia|subcortical]] and [[Cerebral cortex|cortical]] structures has been found.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Logigian EL, Johnson KA, Kijewski MF, ''et al'' |title=Reversible cerebral hypoperfusion in Lyme encephalopathy |journal=Neurology |volume=49 |issue=6 |pages=1661-70 |year=1997 |pmid=9409364 }}</ref>   
* In [[Lyme]] patients, cerebral [[hypoperfusion]] of frontal [[Basal ganglia|subcortical]] and [[Cerebral cortex|cortical]] structures has been found.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Logigian EL, Johnson KA, Kijewski MF, ''et al'' |title=Reversible cerebral hypoperfusion in Lyme encephalopathy |journal=Neurology |volume=49 |issue=6 |pages=1661-70 |year=1997 |pmid=9409364 }}</ref>   
* In about 70% of [[Lyme disease history and symptoms#Symptoms|late stage Lyme disease]] patients with [[Cognition|cognitive]] symptoms, brain [[SPECT]] scans typically show a pattern of global [[hypoperfusion]] in a heterogeneous distribution through the [[white matter]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Fallon BA, Das S, Plutchok JJ, Tager F, Liegner K, Van Heertum R |title=Functional brain imaging and neuropsychological testing in Lyme disease |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=25 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S57-63 |year=1997 |pmid=9233666 }}</ref>   
* In about 70% of [[Lyme disease history and symptoms#Symptoms|late stage Lyme disease]] patients with [[Cognition|cognitive]] symptoms, brain [[SPECT]] scans typically show a pattern of global [[hypoperfusion]] in a heterogeneous distribution through the [[white matter]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Fallon BA, Das S, Plutchok JJ, Tager F, Liegner K, Van Heertum R |title=Functional brain imaging and neuropsychological testing in Lyme disease |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=25 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S57-63 |year=1997 |pmid=9233666 }}</ref>   
* This is a non specific pattern for [[Lyme disease]], as similar pattern can be observed in other [[central nervous system]] (CNS) syndromes such as [[HIV]] [[encephalopathy]], viral [[encephalopathy]], chronic [[cocaine]] use, and [[vasculitides]].   
* This is a nonspecific pattern for [[Lyme disease]], as a similar pattern can be observed in other [[central nervous system]] (CNS) syndromes such as [[HIV]] [[encephalopathy]], viral [[encephalopathy]], chronic [[cocaine]] use, and [[vasculitides]].   
* Careful history taking of the patient and [[Serological testing|serologic testing]] can easily rule out most of these [[syndromes]].  
* Careful history taking of the patient and [[Serological testing|serologic testing]] can easily rule out most of these [[syndromes]].  



Revision as of 17:08, 8 August 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2]

Overview

Single photon emission computed tomography is one of the major other imaging modalities of Lyme disease. In Lyme patients, cerebral hypoperfusion of frontal subcortical and cortical structures has been found.

Other Imaging Findings

Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)

References

  1. Sumiya H, Kobayashi K, Mizukoshi C; et al. (1997). "Brain perfusion SPECT in Lyme neuroborreliosis". J. Nucl. Med. 38 (7): 1120–2. PMID 9225802.
  2. Logigian EL, Johnson KA, Kijewski MF; et al. (1997). "Reversible cerebral hypoperfusion in Lyme encephalopathy". Neurology. 49 (6): 1661–70. PMID 9409364.
  3. Fallon BA, Das S, Plutchok JJ, Tager F, Liegner K, Van Heertum R (1997). "Functional brain imaging and neuropsychological testing in Lyme disease". Clin. Infect. Dis. 25 Suppl 1: S57–63. PMID 9233666.


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