Endometriosis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
The exact pathogenesis of endometriosis is still unknown, however several theories were put forward to explain the the presence the of viable and hormonally active endometrium outside the uterine cavity. The theories proposed include the following: | The exact pathogenesis of endometriosis is still unknown, however several theories were put forward to explain the the presence the of viable and hormonally active endometrium outside the uterine cavity. The theories proposed include the following: | ||
*'''Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation:''' The theory | *'''Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation:''' The theory postulates that the viable endometrial tissue passes in a retrograde fashion via the fallopian tubes to reach the peritoneal cavity and subsequently implants onto the pelvic structures and organs. | ||
**Factors favoring the theory include the higher risk of developing endometriosis in patients with cervical stenosis and congenital outflow obstructions which result in a greater retrograde efflux, and also the implantation of endometrial tissue in the peritoneal cavity resulted in the disease. | |||
**This theory, however, doesn't explain the disease process in premenarchal girls and new borns. | |||
*'''Coelomic metaplasia theory:''' This theory postulates that endometriosis is a result of metaplasia of the cells lining the visceral and abdominal peritoneum following various hormonal, environmental, or infectious stimuli. | |||
*'''Embryonic rest theory:''' This theory proposes that endometrial tissue arises from the cells remaining from Mullerian duct migration during embryonic development, following estrogen stimulation. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} |
Revision as of 20:28, 13 June 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
The exact pathogenesis of endometriosis is still unknown, however several theories were put forward to explain the the presence the of viable and hormonally active endometrium outside the uterine cavity. The theories proposed include the following:
- Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation: The theory postulates that the viable endometrial tissue passes in a retrograde fashion via the fallopian tubes to reach the peritoneal cavity and subsequently implants onto the pelvic structures and organs.
- Factors favoring the theory include the higher risk of developing endometriosis in patients with cervical stenosis and congenital outflow obstructions which result in a greater retrograde efflux, and also the implantation of endometrial tissue in the peritoneal cavity resulted in the disease.
- This theory, however, doesn't explain the disease process in premenarchal girls and new borns.
- Coelomic metaplasia theory: This theory postulates that endometriosis is a result of metaplasia of the cells lining the visceral and abdominal peritoneum following various hormonal, environmental, or infectious stimuli.
- Embryonic rest theory: This theory proposes that endometrial tissue arises from the cells remaining from Mullerian duct migration during embryonic development, following estrogen stimulation.