Gonorrhea laboratory tests: Difference between revisions

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===Cultures===
===Cultures===
Culture is the historical standard for detection of N. gonorrhoeae.
Culture is the historical standard for detection of N. gonorrhoeae.
Culture test dvantages over non-culture tests include:
*Culture test dvantages over non-culture tests include:
*Low cost
**Low cost
*Suitable for a variety of specimen sites
**Suitable for a variety of specimen sites
*Antimicrobial susceptibility testing can be performed
**Antimicrobial susceptibility testing can be performed
Thayer-Martin medium is one example of a medium used for N. gonorrhoeae culture. Direct inoculation of culture plates with swab specimens is best. The inoculated culture plate should be promptly placed into a CO2-enriched (3%- 10%) environment and incubated at 35º-37º C.
[[Thayer-Martin medium]] is one example of a medium used for [[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]] culture. Cultures can provide a preliminary [[diagnosis]] often within 24 hours and a confirmed [[diagnosis]] within 72 hours.
Cultures provide absolute proof of [[infection]]. Generally, samples for a culture are taken from the [[cervix]], [[vagina]], [[urethra]], [[anus]], or [[throat]]. Cultures can provide a preliminary [[diagnosis]] often within 24 hours and a confirmed [[diagnosis]] within 72 hours.
*Common anatomic sites for taking samples include:
Common anatomic sites for taking samples include:
**[[Endocervical]] culture in women
*[[Endocervical]] culture in women
**[[Urethral]] discharge culture in men
*[[Urethral]] discharge culture in men
**[[Throat]] swab culture i
**
**[[Rectal]] culture
*[[Throat]] swab culture in both men and women
**[[Synovial fluid]] clture
*[[Rectal]] culture in both men and women
**[[Blood cultures]]
*Culture of [[joint]] fluid
*[[Blood cultures]]


[[DNA]] tests are especially useful as a [[screening test]]. They included the [[ligase chain reaction]] ([[LCR]]) test. [[DNA]] tests are quicker than cultures. Such tests can be performed on [[urine]] samples, which are a lot easier to collect than samples from the [[genital]] area.
[[DNA]] tests are especially useful as a [[screening test]]. They included the [[ligase chain reaction]] ([[LCR]]) test. [[DNA]] tests are quicker than cultures. Such tests can be performed on [[urine]] samples, which are a lot easier to collect than samples from the [[genital]] area.

Revision as of 20:56, 25 September 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]

Overview

Laboratory tests

Several laboratory tests are available to diagnose gonorrhea. A doctor or nurse can obtain a sample for testing from the parts of the body likely to be infected (cervix, urethra, rectum, or throat) and send the sample to a laboratory for analysis. Gonorrhea that is present in the cervix or urethra can be diagnosed in a laboratory by testing a urine sample.

Gram stain

Cultures

Culture is the historical standard for detection of N. gonorrhoeae.

  • Culture test dvantages over non-culture tests include:
    • Low cost
    • Suitable for a variety of specimen sites
    • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing can be performed

Thayer-Martin medium is one example of a medium used for Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture. Cultures can provide a preliminary diagnosis often within 24 hours and a confirmed diagnosis within 72 hours.

DNA tests are especially useful as a screening test. They included the ligase chain reaction (LCR) test. DNA tests are quicker than cultures. Such tests can be performed on urine samples, which are a lot easier to collect than samples from the genital area.

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References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "Public Health Image Library (PHIL)".

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