Adenoiditis: Difference between revisions

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{{SK}} [[Inflamed adenoids]]; [[Adenotonstilis]]; [[Adenoid Hypertrophy]]; [[Swollen adenoids]]; [[Chronic adenoiditis]]; [[Acute adenoiditis]].


==Overview==
==[[Adenoiditis overview|Overview]]==
'''Adenoiditis''' is the [[inflammation]] of the [[adenoid]] tissue, usually caused by an [[infection]].  Adenoiditis is treated using [[medication]] ([[antibiotics]] and/or [[steroids]]) or [[surgical]] intervention.


Adenoiditis may present with [[common cold|cold like symptoms]]. However, adenoiditis symptoms often persist for ten or more days, and often include [[pus]] like discharge from nose.
==[[Adenoiditis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


The cause of infection is usually [[viral infection|viral]].  However, if the adenoiditis is caused by a [[bacterial infection]], antibiotics may be prescribed for treatment. A steroidal [[nasal spray]] may also be prescribed in order to reduce [[nasal congestion]].  Severe or recurring adenoiditis may require surgical removal of the adenoids.
==[[Adenoiditis classification|Classification]]==


==Causes==
==[[Adenoiditis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
===Bacterial Causes===
Bacterial causes include ''[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]'', ''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'', ''[[Moraxella catarrhalis]]'' and various species of ''[[Staphylococcus]]'' including ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]''.


===Viral Causes===
==[[Adenoiditis causes|Causes]]==
Viruses that may cause adenoiditis include the [[Adenovirus]], [[Rhinovirus]] and [[Paramyxovirus]].


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==[[Adenoiditis differential diagnosis|Differentiating adenoiditis from other diseases]]==
===Age===
Adenoiditis occurs mainly in childhood, often associated with acute tonsillitis. Incidence decreases with age, with adenoiditis being rare in children over 15 years due to physiological atrophy of the adenoid tissue.


==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
==[[Adenoiditis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
===Complications===
Complications of acute adenoiditis can occur due to extension of inflammation to the neighboring organs.


==History and Symptoms==
==[[Adenoiditis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
===Symptoms===
Acute adenoiditis is characterized by [[fever]], runny nose, nasal airway obstruction resulting in predominantly oral breathing, snoring and sleep apnea, rhinorrhea with serous secretion in viral forms and mucous-purulent secretion in bacterial forms. In cases due to viral infection symptoms usually recede spontaneously after 48 hours, symptoms of bacterial adenoiditis typically persist up to a week. Adenoiditis is sometimes accompanied by [[tonsillitis]]. Repeated adenoiditis may lead to enlarged adenoids.


==Other Imaging Findings==
==[[Natural history, complications and prognosis template|Natural history, complications and prognosis]]==
Optical fiber [[endoscopy]] can confirm the diagnosis of adenoiditis in cases of doubt by directly visualizing the inflamed [[adenoid]].


==Medical Therapy==
==Diagnosis==
[[Adenoiditis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Adenoiditis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Adenoiditis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Adenoiditis x ray|X Ray]] | [[Adenoiditis CT|CT]] | [[Adenoiditis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]]


===Pharmacotherapy===
==Treatment==
In cases of viral adenoiditis, treatment with [[analgesic]]s or [[antipyretic]]s is often sufficient. Bacterial adenoiditis may be treated with [[antibiotic]]s, such as [[amoxicillin - clavulanic acid]] or a [[cephalosporin]]. In case of adenoid hypertrophy, [[adenoidectomy]] may be performed to remove the adenoid.
[[Adenoiditis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Adenoiditis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Adenoiditis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Adenoiditis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Adenoiditis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] [[Adenoiditis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


==Related Chapters==
==Case Studies==
* [[Tonsilitis]]


==References==
[[es:Adenoiditis]]
{{reflist|2}}


[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Pediatric Disease]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
 
[[es:Adenoiditis]]

Latest revision as of 20:17, 29 July 2020

Adenoiditis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Adenoiditis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox

WikiDoc Resources for Adenoiditis

Articles

Most recent articles on Adenoiditis

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Review articles on Adenoiditis

Articles on Adenoiditis in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Adenoiditis

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Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Adenoiditis

Bandolier on Adenoiditis

TRIP on Adenoiditis

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Adenoiditis at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Adenoiditis

Clinical Trials on Adenoiditis at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Adenoiditis

NICE Guidance on Adenoiditis

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Adenoiditis

CDC on Adenoiditis

Books

Books on Adenoiditis

News

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Commentary

Blogs on Adenoiditis

Definitions

Definitions of Adenoiditis

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Adenoiditis

Discussion groups on Adenoiditis

Patient Handouts on Adenoiditis

Directions to Hospitals Treating Adenoiditis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Adenoiditis

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Adenoiditis

Causes & Risk Factors for Adenoiditis

Diagnostic studies for Adenoiditis

Treatment of Adenoiditis

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Adenoiditis

International

Adenoiditis en Espanol

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Business

Adenoiditis in the Marketplace

Patents on Adenoiditis

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Adenoiditis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Inflamed adenoids; Adenotonstilis; Adenoid Hypertrophy; Swollen adenoids; Chronic adenoiditis; Acute adenoiditis.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating adenoiditis from other diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural history, complications and prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | X Ray | CT | Other Imaging Findings

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies