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{{Albinism}}
{{Albinism}}
 
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==Overview==
==Overview==
 
The [[complications]] of [[albinism]] include [[skin cancer]], [[sunburn]], decreased [[visual]] acuity, poor self-image and self-isolation lead to [[depression]]. Patients with [[albinism]] has a normal [[life expectancy]]  and do not have [[developmental delay]] or [[mental retardation]].
===Complications===
===Complications===
People with albinism may be limited in their activities because they can't tolerate the sun. Decreased vision, blindness and cancer are a few of the complications associated with albinism.
* The [[complications]] of [[albinism]] are as follows:<ref name="pmid22681652">{{cite journal| author=Mabula JB, Chalya PL, Mchembe MD, Jaka H, Giiti G, Rambau P | display-authors=etal| title=Skin cancers among Albinos at a University teaching hospital in Northwestern Tanzania: a retrospective review of 64 cases. | journal=BMC Dermatol | year= 2012 | volume= 12 | issue=  | pages= 5 | pmid=22681652 | doi=10.1186/1471-5945-12-5 | pmc=3483204 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22681652  }} </ref><ref name="pmid21977833">{{cite journal| author=Mapurisa G, Masamba L| title=Locally advanced skin cancer in an albino: a treatment dilemma. | journal=Malawi Med J | year= 2010 | volume= 22 | issue= 4 | pages= 122-3 | pmid=21977833 | doi=10.4314/mmj.v22i4.63949 | pmc=3345774 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21977833  }} </ref><ref name="pmid31777350">{{cite journal| author=Marçon CR, Maia M| title=Albinism: epidemiology, genetics, cutaneous characterization, psychosocial factors. | journal=An Bras Dermatol | year= 2019 | volume= 94 | issue= 5 | pages= 503-520 | pmid=31777350 | doi=10.1016/j.abd.2019.09.023 | pmc=6857599 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31777350  }} </ref>
** [[Skin cancer]] including [[basal cell carcinoma]] and [[squamous cell carcinoma]]
*** 80% of skin cancer are diagnosed in patients aged over 55 years <ref name="pmid1435901">{{cite journal| author=Preston DS, Stern RS| title=Nonmelanoma cancers of the skin. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1992 | volume= 327 | issue= 23 | pages= 1649-62 | pmid=1435901 | doi=10.1056/NEJM199212033272307 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1435901  }} </ref><ref name="pmid23039995">{{cite journal| author=Bridge H, von dem Hagen EA, Davies G, Chambers C, Gouws A, Hoffmann M | display-authors=etal| title=Changes in brain morphology in albinism reflect reduced visual acuity. | journal=Cortex | year= 2014 | volume= 56 | issue=  | pages= 64-72 | pmid=23039995 | doi=10.1016/j.cortex.2012.08.010 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23039995  }} </ref>
** [[Sunburn]]
** Decreased [[visual]] acuity
** Poor self-image and self-isolation that may lead to [[depression]]
** Individuals with [[albinism]] are at increased risk of [[attention deficit disorder]]
** [[Bleeding]] disorders in patients with [[Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome]]
** [[Infection]] risk in [[Chediak-Higashi syndrome]]


===Prognosis===
===Prognosis===
Albinism does not usually affect lifespan. [[Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome]] can, however, shorten lifespan due to [[lung disease]] or [[bleeding]] problems.
* Patients with [[albinism]] has a normal [[life expectancy ]]
* [[Albinism]] does not cause [[developmental delay]] or [[mental retardation]]
* Patients may have delayed [[visual]] maturation <ref> {{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519018/ |title=Albinism - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23039995"><ref name="pmid30085560">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=30085560 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
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Latest revision as of 15:03, 16 September 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadan Mehraban, M.D.[2]

Overview

The complications of albinism include skin cancer, sunburn, decreased visual acuity, poor self-image and self-isolation lead to depression. Patients with albinism has a normal life expectancy and do not have developmental delay or mental retardation.

Complications

Prognosis

References

  1. ↑ Mabula JB, Chalya PL, Mchembe MD, Jaka H, Giiti G, Rambau P; et al. (2012). "Skin cancers among Albinos at a University teaching hospital in Northwestern Tanzania: a retrospective review of 64 cases". BMC Dermatol. 12: 5. doi:10.1186/1471-5945-12-5. PMC 3483204. PMID 22681652.
  2. ↑ Mapurisa G, Masamba L (2010). "Locally advanced skin cancer in an albino: a treatment dilemma". Malawi Med J. 22 (4): 122–3. doi:10.4314/mmj.v22i4.63949. PMC 3345774. PMID 21977833.
  3. ↑ Marçon CR, Maia M (2019). "Albinism: epidemiology, genetics, cutaneous characterization, psychosocial factors". An Bras Dermatol. 94 (5): 503–520. doi:10.1016/j.abd.2019.09.023. PMC 6857599 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31777350.
  4. ↑ Preston DS, Stern RS (1992). "Nonmelanoma cancers of the skin". N Engl J Med. 327 (23): 1649–62. doi:10.1056/NEJM199212033272307. PMID 1435901.
  5. ↑ Bridge H, von dem Hagen EA, Davies G, Chambers C, Gouws A, Hoffmann M; et al. (2014). "Changes in brain morphology in albinism reflect reduced visual acuity". Cortex. 56: 64–72. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2012.08.010. PMID 23039995.
  6. ↑ "Albinism - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf".

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