Osteoporosis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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{{Osteoporosis}}
{{Osteoporosis}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{EG}}
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'''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}, [[User:Raviteja Reddy Guddeti|Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S.]][mailto:rgudetti@perfuse.org]


==Overview==
==Overview==
[[Osteoporosis]] itself has no symptoms. The disease state causes increased fragility of the bones and thus making them more prone to fractures.
Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic [[fracture]]. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic [[fracture]] is [[bone pain]]. Following osteoporotic [[fractures]], the major signs appear gradually, which include immobility, [[bed sores]] (in some cases), shortness of height, and stooped [[posture]].
 
==Symptoms==
There are no symptoms in the early stages of the disease.
 
Symptoms occurring late in the disease include:
* Bone pain or tenderness
* [[Fractures]] with little or no [[trauma]] they are therefore regarded as ''[[fragility fracture]]s''. Typical fragility fractures occur in the [[vertebral column]], [[hip fracture|hip]] and [[wrist]]
* Loss of height (as much as 6 inches) over time
* Low [[back pain]] due to fractures of the spinal bones often with[[Radiculopathy|radiculopathic pain]] (shooting pain due to compression of a [[nerve]]) and rarely with [[spinal cord compression]] or [[cauda equina syndrome]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kim DH, Vaccaro AR |title=Osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine; current options and considerations for treatment |journal=The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=479–87 |year=2006 |pmid=16934715 |doi=10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.013}}</ref>
* [[Neck pain]] due to fractures of the spinal bones
* [[Stooped posture]] or [[kyphosis]], also called a [[dowager's hump]]
* Fractures of the long bones acutely impair mobility and may require [[surgery]]. [[Hip fracture]], in particular, usually requires prompt surgery, as there are serious risks associated with a hip fracture, such as [[deep vein thrombosis]] and a[[pulmonary embolism]], and increased mortality.
*The increased risk of falling associated with aging leads to fractures of the wrist, spine and hip. The risk of falling, in turn, is increased by impaired eyesight due to any cause (e.g. [[glaucoma]], [[macular degeneration]]), [[balance disorder]],[[movement disorder]]s (e.g. [[Parkinson's disease]]), [[dementia]], and [[sarcopenia]] (age-related loss of [[skeletal muscle]]). [[Collapse (medical)|Collapse]] (transient loss of postural tone, with or without loss of consciousness, leads to  a significant risk of falls; causes of syncope are manifold but may include [[cardiac arrhythmia]]s, [[vasovagal syncope]],[[orthostatic hypotension]] and [[seizure]]s. Removal of obstacles and loose carpets in the living environment may substantially reduce falls. Those with previous falls, as well as those with a gait or balance disorder, are most at risk.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Ganz DA, Bao Y, Shekelle PG, Rubenstein LZ |title=Will my patient fall? |journal=JAMA |volume=297 |issue=1 |pages=77–86|year=2007 |pmid=17200478 |doi=10.1001/jama.297.1.77}}</ref>


== History and symptoms ==
Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic [[fracture]]. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic [[fracture]] is [[bone pain]]. Following osteoporotic [[fractures]], the major signs appear gradually, which include immobility, [[bed sores]] (in some cases), shortness of height, and stooped [[posture]].


=== History ===
Patients with [[osteoporosis]] may have a history of:
* [[Menopause]]
* [[Immobility]]
* [[Calcium deficiency]]
* Chronic [[corticosteroid]] use
* Chronic [[vitamin D deficiency]]
* [[Hyperparathyroidism|Hyperparathyroidism]] or [[hypoparathyroidism]]
* Decreased sunlight exposure


===Common Symptoms===
Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic until the patient encounters an osteoporotic [[fracture]]. The main symptom of osteoporotic [[fracture]] is [[bone pain]].


=== Less common symptoms ===
Other symptoms occurring late in the osteoporotic [[fracture]], may include:
* Shortening of height (as much as 6 inches) over time
* Low [[back pain]] due to [[vertebral]] [[bones|bone]] [[fractures]], often with [[Radiculopathy|radiculopathic pain]] (shooting pain due to compression or retraction of a [[nerve]]); rarely, with [[spinal cord compression]] or [[cauda equina syndrome]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kim DH, Vaccaro AR |title=Osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine; current options and considerations for treatment |journal=The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=479–87 |year=2006 |pmid=16934715 |doi=10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.013}}</ref>
* [[Neck pain]] due to [[fractures]] of the cervical spinal [[bones]]
* Stooped posture or [[kyphosis]] also called a Dowager's hump
* [[Fractures]] of the long [[bones]] acutely impair mobility and may require [[surgery]]
* [[Hip fracture]] usually requires prompt [[surgery]], as there are serious complications associated with a [[hip]] [[fracture]], such as [[deep vein thrombosis]], [[pulmonary embolism]], and increased [[mortality]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WS}}
{{WH}}


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Latest revision as of 23:28, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Overview

Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic fracture. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic fracture is bone pain. Following osteoporotic fractures, the major signs appear gradually, which include immobility, bed sores (in some cases), shortness of height, and stooped posture.

History and symptoms

Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic fracture. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic fracture is bone pain. Following osteoporotic fractures, the major signs appear gradually, which include immobility, bed sores (in some cases), shortness of height, and stooped posture.

History

Patients with osteoporosis may have a history of:

Common Symptoms

Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic until the patient encounters an osteoporotic fracture. The main symptom of osteoporotic fracture is bone pain.

Less common symptoms

Other symptoms occurring late in the osteoporotic fracture, may include:

References

  1. Kim DH, Vaccaro AR (2006). "Osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine; current options and considerations for treatment". The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society. 6 (5): 479–87. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.013. PMID 16934715.

Template:WS Template:WH

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