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| {{Infobox_Disease |
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| | '''For patient information on this topic, click [[indigestion (patient information)|here]].''' |
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| | {{Indigestion}} |
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| {{Editor Help}}
| | ==[[Indigestion overview|Overview]]== |
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| '''''Synonyms and keywords:''''' [[Dyspepsia]], [[Stomach upset]]
| | ==[[Indigestion historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== |
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| ==Overview== | | ==[[Indigestion classification|Classification]]== |
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| '''Indigestion''' is a condition that is frequently caused by eating too fast, especially by eating high-fat foods quickly. It is a term used to describe a feeling of fullness or discomfort during or after a meal. It can be accompanied by burning or pain in the upper stomach.
| | ==[[Indigestion pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== |
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| ==Causes== | | ==[[Indigestion causes|Causes]]== |
| * Excessive acid accumulation in the stomach.
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| * Overconsumption of alcohol
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| * Overeating
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| ==Symptoms== | | ==[[Indigestion differential diagnosis|Differentiating Indigestion from other Conditions]]== |
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| Symptoms of indigestion are as follows:
| | ==[[Indigestion risk factors|Risk Factors]]== |
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| * A pain or a burning feeling in the upper portion of the [[stomach]]
| | ==[[Indigestion natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]== |
| * Feeling sick to one's stomach; [[nausea]]
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| * Feeling bloated
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| * Sometimes uncontrollable [[burping]]
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| * [[Heartburn]]
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| * Feeling feverish
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| * A bitter taste in the mouth from stomach acid coming up into the [[esophagus]].
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| * Rumbling in your stomach.
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| * Sense of fullness after eating
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| * A feeling as though something is lodged in the esophagus
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| * Pain and discomfort at the [[Xiphoid process|xiphoid]] region
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| * Sudden chills, comparable to those felt during fevers.
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| == Management == | | ==Diagnosis== |
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| * [[Antacids]] neutralize excess stomach acid, and can provide temporary relief of indigestion
| | [[Indigestion history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Indigestion physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Indigestion laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Indigestion abdominal x ray|Abdominal X Ray]] | [[Indigestion CT|CT]] | [[indigestion MRI|MRI]] | [[Indigestion echocardiography or ultrasound|Echocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Indigestion other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Indigestion other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] |
| * Antacids 4 hours prior to exercise
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| * Rest
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| * Activity modification
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| * Digestive enzymes capsules
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| * If symptoms persist, immediate referral to physician to rule out more serious abdominal conditions or diseases.
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| * Drink lots of water
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| ==Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Indigestion==
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| ==Most common==
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| ==By organ system==
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| {|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
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| |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
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| |style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Chemical / poisoning'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[4-Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone]], [[Amanita phalloides]], [[Smoking]], [[Sodium dichloroisocyanurate]]
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Dermatologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Drug Side Effect'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[4-Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone]], [[Adefovir (patient information)]], [[acarbose]], [[Aspirin]] and many other painkillers, [[alendronate]], [[Atazanavir (patient information)]], [[Calcium channel blockers]], [[Cholestyramine (patient information)]], [[Cholestyramine Resin (patient information)]], [[Colofac]], [[Duloxetine]], [[erythromycin]], [[Efavirenz (patient information)]], [[Estrogen]] and [[Oral contraceptives]], [[Emtricitabine (patient information)]], [[Epoetin Alfa Injection (patient information)]], [[Fentanyl Skin Patches (patient information)]], [[Frovatriptan (patient information)]], [[Imatinib (patient information)]], [[Interferon Beta-1b Injection (patient information)]], [[Lithium (patient information)]], [[methylxanthines]], [[metronidazole ]], [[Meropenem Injection (patient information)]], [[Oxycodone]], [[orlistat]], [[Potassium]] supplements, [[Pergolide (patient information)]], [[Pramlintide injection (patient information)]], [[Quetiapine (patient information)]], [[Rivastigmine (patient information)]], [[Simvastatin]], [[Tadalafil]], [[Tiotropium Oral Inhalation (patient information)]], [[Steroid medications]], [[Thyroid medicines]]
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Ear Nose Throat'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Endocrine'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Primary hyperparathyroidism]]
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Environmental'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Multiple chemical sensitivity]]
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |
| | '''Gastroenterologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Tropical sprue]]
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Genetic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Hematologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Iatrogenic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Infectious Disease'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hookworm]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Neurologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Autonomic neuropathy]]
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabulimia]], Eating fatty foods, Eating just before sleeping, Eating spicy foods, Eating too late in the evening, Excess alcohol consumption, Excess caffeine consumption, [[Garlic]], [[Indian gooseberry]], [[Overeating]], [[Suillus luteus]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Oncologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ovarian cancer]]
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Opthalmologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Niacin]], [[Vitamin C]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Psychiatric'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Pulmonary'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Oral allergy syndrome]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Sexual'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Trauma'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Urologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Miscellaneous'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Couvade]], [[Gulf War syndrome]], [[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]], [[Trichophagia]]
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| |}
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| ==In alphabetical order==
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| [[4-Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone]],
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| [[Adefovir (patient information)]],
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| [[Amanita phalloides]],
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| [[Atazanavir (patient information)]],
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| [[Cholestyramine (patient information)]],
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| [[Cholestyramine Resin (patient information)]],
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| [[Colofac]],
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| [[Couvade]],
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| [[Diabulimia]],
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| [[Duloxetine]],
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| Eating fatty foods
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| Eating just before sleeping
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| Eating spicy foods
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| Eating too late in the evening
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| [[Efavirenz (patient information)]],
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| [[Emtricitabine (patient information)]],
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| [[Epoetin Alfa Injection (patient information)]],
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| Excess alcohol consumption
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| Excess caffeine consumption
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| [[Fentanyl Skin Patches (patient information)]],
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| [[Frovatriptan (patient information)]],
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| [[Garlic]],
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| [[Gulf War syndrome]],
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| [[Hookworm]],
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| [[Imatinib (patient information)]],
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| [[Indian gooseberry]],
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| [[Interferon Beta-1b Injection (patient information)]],
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| [[Lithium (patient information)]],
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| [[Meropenem Injection (patient information)]],
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| [[Multiple chemical sensitivity]],
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| [[Niacin]],
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| [[Oral allergy syndrome]],
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| [[Ovarian cancer]],
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| [[Overeating]],
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| [[Oxycodone and aspirin (patient information)]],
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| [[Pergolide (patient information)]],
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| [[Pramlintide injection (patient information)]],
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| [[Primary hyperparathyroidism]],
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| [[Quetiapine (patient information)]],
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| [[Rivastigmine (patient information)]],
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| [[Simvastatin]],
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| [[Smoking]],
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| [[Sodium dichloroisocyanurate]],
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| [[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]],
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| [[Suillus luteus]],
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| [[Tadalafil]],
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| [[Tiotropium Oral Inhalation (patient information)]],
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| [[Trichophagia]],
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| [[Tropical sprue]],
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| [[Vitamin C]]
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| {{SIB}}
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| {{Symptoms and signs}}
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| | ==Treatment== |
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| | [[Indigestion medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Indigestion surgery|Surgery]] | [[Indigestion prevention|Prevention]] | [[Indigestion cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Indigestion future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]] |
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| | ==Case Studies== |
| | [[Indigestion case study one|Case #1]] |
| | ==Related Chapters== |
| | *[[Dyspepsia]] |
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| [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] |
| [[Category:Digestive disease symptoms]] | | [[Category:Symptoms]] |
| [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] | | [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] |
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