Trichinosis diagnostic criteria

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Danitza Lukac

Overview

The diagnosis of trichinosis is based on the European Center for Disease Control criteria, which include a combination of clinical, laboratory and epidemiological criteria.^[1]^[2]

Diagnostic Criteria

The following diagnostic criteria are suggested for the diagnosis of trichinosis:^[1]^[2]

Clinical criteria

At least 3 of the following 6 diagnostic criteria are met:
- Muscle soreness and pain
- Diarrhea
- Fever
- Facial swelling
- Subconjunctival, subungual, and retinal bleeding
- Increased eosinophils in the blood

Laboratory criteria

At least 1 of the following 2 diagnostic criteria is met:
- Confirmation of anti-Trichinella IgG by either ELISA, western blot or IFA, OR
- Confirmation of Trichinella larvae in muscle tissue by biopsy

Epidemiological criteria

At least 1 of the following 3 diagnostic criteria is met:
- Epidemiological connection to exposure of the same common source of a patient with confirmed laboratory result, OR
- Laboratory result confirming consumption of potentially parasitised products from an infected animal,OR
- Laboratory result confirming consumption of parasitised meat

Case Confirmation

Confirmed Case

Patients with clinical AND laboratory criteria within the last 2 months

Possible Case

Patients with clinical AND epidemiological criteria

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K (2009). "Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 22 (1): 127–45, Table of Contents. doi:10.1128/CMR.00026-08. PMC 2620635. PMID 19136437.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis. FAO (2007). http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/61e00fb1-87e8-5b89-8be1-50481e43eed1/ Accessed on January 28, 2016

[pmid19136437-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K (2009). "Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 22 (1): 127–45, Table of Contents. doi:10.1128/CMR.00026-08. PMC 2620635. PMID 19136437.

[abc-2] 2.0 ^2.1 FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis. FAO (2007). http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/61e00fb1-87e8-5b89-8be1-50481e43eed1/ Accessed on January 28, 2016

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