Toxoplasmosis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] ; Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [3]

Overview

The most common physical examination findings of toxoplasmosis include painless lymphadenopathy in immunocompetent individuals. Other findings include fever, malaise, myalgias, and a maculopapular skin rash that spares the palms and the soles. In retinochoroiditis examination reveals multiple yellow-white cotton like patches with indistinct margins located in small clusters in the posterior pole.

Physical Examination

Vital Signs

• Fever
• Tachypnea

HEENT

• Blurry vision

Skin

• Maculpapular rash that spares hands and soles.

Lymph nodes

• Regional lymph node enlargement may be seen.

Cardiovascular system

• Regular rate and rhythm
• Normal S1, S2
• No murmurs, rubs, or gallops

Lungs

Findings consistent with parenchymal consolidation in cases of pulmonary penumonitis such as

• Dullness to percussion
• Increased fremitus
• Signs of pleura involvement such as pleuritic rub.

Abdominal

• Abdomen soft and non-distended with no scars or striations
• No pulsatile masses or abdominal bruits auscultated
• Hepatosplenomegaly in disseminated cases.

Neurological

Normal examination finding unless the infection is disseminated to brain resulting in meningitis, then findings include:

• Altered level of consciousness
• Nuchal rigidity
• Unsteady gait
• Slurred speech
• Muscle weakness

Trunk

• 
  Toxoplasmose. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.
• 
  Toxoplasmose. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.
• 
  Toxoplasmose. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.
• 
  Toxoplasmose. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.
• 
  Toxoplasmose. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.

References

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