Right heart failure causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

There are acute and chronic causes of right heart failure. Acute right heart failure is associated with right ventricular dilation. Chronic right heart failure is often associated with right ventricular hypertrophy.

Causes

Common Causes

Acute Causes of Right Heart Failure

Chronic Causes of Right Heart Failure

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Acute MI involving the right ventricle, Atrial septal defect; Left atrial myxoma; Left ventricular failure; Mitral regurgitation; Mitral stenosis; Myocardial infarction of the right ventricle; Pulmonary hypertension
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Drug-induced lung disorder
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	Alveolar hypoxia in chronic high altitude exposure
Gastroenterologic	Obesity
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	Histiocytosis X; Polycythemia vera; Sickle Cell Anemia; Veno-occlusive lung disease
Iatrogenic	Pneumonectomy
Infectious Disease	Guillain-Barre Syndrome; HIV infection; Schistosomiasis; Tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Kyphoscoliosis
Neurologic	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS); Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Myasthenia Gravis; Poliomyelitis; Polyradiculitis
Nutritional / Metabolic	Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency; Obesity
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Adenopathy compressing the pulmonary vasculature; Tumor embolism; Tumor masses
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS); Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis; Bronchiectasis; Bronchopulmonary dysplasia following neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS); Chest wall dysfunction; Chronic bronchitis; Chronic fungal obstruction; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD); Emphysema; Fibrosing mediastinitis; Hypersensitivity pneumonitis; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Interstitial lung disease; Pneumonectomy; Pulmonary hypertension; Pulmonary hemangiomatosis; Pulmonary embolism; Pulmonary emphysema; Pulmonary fibrosis; Sarcoidosis; Sleep Apnea
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Collagen vascular disease; Necrotizing and granulomatous arteritis; Sarcoidosis; Scleroderma
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Sleep Apnea

Causes in Alphabetical Order^[1] ^[2]

Acute MI involving the right ventricle
Adenopathy
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
Alveolar hypoxia in chronic high altitude exposure
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis
Bronchiectasis
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia following neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
Chest wall dysfunction
Chronic bronchitis
Chronic fungal obstruction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Collagen vascular disease
Congenital heart disease
Cystic Fibrosis
Drug-induced lung disease
Emphysema
Fibrosing mediastinitis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Histiocytosis X
HIV infection
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Interstitial lung disease
Kyphoscoliosis
Left atrial myxoma
Left ventricular failure
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Myasthenia Gravis
Myocardial infarction of the right ventricle
Necrotizing and granulomatous arteritis
Neuromuscular disease
Obesity
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
Pneumoconiosis
Pneumonectomy
Poliomyelitis
Polyradiculitis
Polycythemia vera ^[3]
Primary pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary hemangiomatosis
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary emphysema
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary resection
Right ventricular infarction
Sarcoidosis
Schistosomiasis
Scleroderma
Sickle Cell Anemia
Sleep Apnea
Tuberculosis
Tumor embolism
Tumor masses
Veno-occlusive lung disease

References

↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X
↑ Nand S, Orfei E (1994). "Pulmonary hypertension in polycythemia vera". Am J Hematol. 47 (3): 242–4. PMID 7942794.

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[1] Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016

[2] Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

[pmid7942794-3] Nand S, Orfei E (1994). "Pulmonary hypertension in polycythemia vera". Am J Hematol. 47 (3): 242–4. PMID 7942794.

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