Retropharyngeal abscess overview
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
A retropharyngeal abscess is an abscess in the tissues in the back of the throat, the retropharyngeal space. It can lead to airway obstruction, a life-threatening emergency. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection originating from the nasopharynx, tonsils, sinuses, adenoids or middle ear. It can also result from a direct infection due to penetrating injury or a foreign body. Symptoms include difficulty swallowing, fever and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Retropharyngeal abscesses often need to be drained surgically. Antibiotics are also given.
Pathophysiology
Infected material (pus) builds up in the space around the tissues at the back of the throat. This can occur during or immediately after a throat infection.
Diagnosis
Surgery
Surgery is needed to drain the infected area. The airway will be protected so that it does not become completely blocked by the swelling.
Treatment
Primary Prevention
Prompt diagnosis and treatment of pharyngitis or upper respiratory infections will generally prevent retropharyngeal abscess.