Oxytocin/neurophysin i prepropeptide

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External IDs	GeneCards: [1]
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Species	Human	Mouse
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RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
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Oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OXT gene.

Function

This gene encodes a precursor protein that is processed to produce oxytocin and neurophysin I. Oxytocin is a posterior pituitary hormone which is synthesized as an inactive precursor in the hypothalamus along with its carrier protein neurophysin I. Together with neurophysin, it is packaged into neurosecretory vesicles and transported axonally to the nerve endings in the neurohypophysis, where it is either stored or secreted into the bloodstream. The precursor seems to be activated while it is being transported along the axon to the posterior pituitary. This hormone contracts smooth muscle during parturition and lactation. It is also involved in cognition, tolerance, adaptation and complex sexual and maternal behaviour, as well as in the regulation of water excretion and cardiovascular functions. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013].

Further reading

• Comings DE, Gade-Andavolu R, Gonzalez N, Wu S, Muhleman D, Blake H, Mann MB, Dietz G, Saucier G, MacMurray JP (November 2000). "A multivariate analysis of 59 candidate genes in personality traits: the temperament and character inventory". Clin. Genet. 58 (5): 375–85. PMID 11140838.
• Petersson M, Lagumdzija A, Stark A, Bucht E (June 2002). "Oxytocin stimulates proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells". Peptides. 23 (6): 1121–6. PMID 12126740.
• Turner RA, Altemus M, Yip DN, Kupferman E, Fletcher D, Bostrom A, Lyons DM, Amico JA (December 2002). "Effects of emotion on oxytocin, prolactin, and ACTH in women". Stress. 5 (4): 269–76. doi:10.1080/1025389021000037586. PMID 12475731.
• Evans JJ, Reid RA, Wakeman SA, Croft LB, Benny PS (July 2003). "Evidence that oxytocin is a physiological component of LH regulation in non-pregnant women". Hum. Reprod. 18 (7): 1428–31. PMID 12832367.
• Filippi S, Vignozzi L, Vannelli GB, Ledda F, Forti G, Maggi M (2003). "Role of oxytocin in the ejaculatory process". J. Endocrinol. Invest. 26 (3 Suppl): 82–6. PMID 12834028.
• Blanks AM, Vatish M, Allen MJ, Ladds G, de Wit NC, Slater DM, Thornton S (July 2003). "Paracrine oxytocin and estradiol demonstrate a spatial increase in human intrauterine tissues with labor". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88 (7): 3392–400. doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021212. PMID 12843193.
• Cassoni P, Sapino A, Marrocco T, Chini B, Bussolati G (April 2004). "Oxytocin and oxytocin receptors in cancer cells and proliferation". J. Neuroendocrinol. 16 (4): 362–4. doi:10.1111/j.0953-8194.2004.01165.x. PMID 15089975.
• Monstein HJ, Grahn N, Truedsson M, Ohlsson B (June 2004). "Oxytocin and oxytocin-receptor mRNA expression in the human gastrointestinal tract: a polymerase chain reaction study". Regul. Pept. 119 (1–2): 39–44. doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2003.12.017. PMID 15093695.
• Ohlsson B, Truedsson M, Djerf P, Sundler F (July 2006). "Oxytocin is expressed throughout the human gastrointestinal tract". Regul. Pept. 135 (1–2): 7–11. doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2006.03.008. PMID 16678285.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.