Lymphangitis pathophysiology

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Lymphangitis Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Causes

Pathophysiology

Differentiating Lymphangitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

Case Studies

Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [2]Vishal Devarkonda, M.B.B.S[3]

Overview

Lymphangitis is inflammation of the lymphatic system, a system that is comprised of small vessels of the immune system that carry lymphatic fluid. The fluid is filtered in the lymph nodes and spleen, drained into the subclavian veins through thoracic duct and finally returned back to the circulatory system. Depending on the etiologies, lymhangitis has a spectrum of pathophysiology.

Pathophysiology

Settings involved in pathogenesis of disease are: [2][3]

Depending on etiologies, lymphangitis has spectrum of pathophysiology:

Lymphangitis due to infectious etiology

Acute lymphangitis

Acute lymphangitis, develops in setting of distal trauma, resulting in infection. Infection, if not contained locally, may spread through lymphatic channels resulting in lymphangitis.[2][3]

Chronic Granulomatous Lymphangitis

Chronic granulomatous lymphangitis, develops in the setting of minor trauma to extremities (e.g., wood splinter or rose bush). Distal infection spreads through an indolent process, resulting in subcutaneous nodules along the course of lymphatic channels.[2][3]

Filarial lymphangitis

Filarial lymphangitis develops when thread like adult filarial worms resides in lymphatic channels and lymph nodes, resulting in inflammatory changes to the lymphatics.[5]

Lymphangitis due to Non-infectious etiology

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Lymphangits carcinomatosa is a dreadful condition, that develops due to extensive lymphatic permeation and embolization of lymphatic capillary by tumor cells.[6][7]

Sclerosing lymphangitis

  • The exact pathophysiology of sclerosing lymphangitis remains unclear. However, many patients report increase in sexual activity before the appearance of lesion, indicating idiopathic nature of the disease.[8]

Light microscopic and electron microscopy examination reveal:[8]

Lymphangitis Microchapters

Home

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Causes

Pathophysiology

Differentiating Lymphangitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

Case Studies

Case #1

Lymphangitis pathophysiology On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Lymphangitis pathophysiology

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Lymphangitis pathophysiology

CDC on Lymphangitis pathophysiology

Lymphangitis pathophysiology in the news

Blogs on Lymphangitis pathophysiology

Directions to Hospitals Treating Lymphangitis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Lymphangitis pathophysiology

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Suami H, Taylor GI, Pan WR (2007). "The lymphatic territories of the upper limb: anatomical study and clinical implications". Plast Reconstr Surg. 119 (6): 1813–22. doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000246516.64780.61. PMID 17440362.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 lymphanitis "Dennis Kasper, Anthony Fauci, Stephen Hauser, Dan Longo, J. Larry Jameson, Joseph Loscalzo"Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19e Accessed on October 12,2016
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 lymphanitis Mandell, GERALD L. "Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's." Principles and practice of infectious diseases 7 (1995) Accessed on October 12,2016
  4. Simon MS, Cody RL (1992). "Cellulitis after axillary lymph node dissection for carcinoma of the breast". Am J Med. 93 (5): 543–8. PMID 1364813.
  5. Dreyer G, Norões J, Figueredo-Silva J, Piessens WF (2000). "Pathogenesis of lymphatic disease in bancroftian filariasis: a clinical perspective". Parasitol Today. 16 (12): 544–8. PMID 11121854.
  6. Bruce DM, Heys SD, Eremin O (1996). "Lymphangitis carcinomatosa: a literature review". J R Coll Surg Edinb. 41 (1): 7–13. PMID 8930034.
  7. Damstra RJ, Jagtman EA, Steijlen PM (2010). "Cancer-related secondary lymphoedema due to cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa: clinical presentations and review of literature". Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 19 (5): 669–75. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2354.2009.01102.x. PMID 20030691.
  8. 8.0 8.1 Papeš D, Altarac S, Antabak A, Savić I (2015). "Nonvenereal sclerosing lymphangitis of the penis". Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 23 (2): 150–1. PMID 26228831.

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