Lower gastrointestinal bleeding classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding can be classified into occult, moderate and severe bleeding based on the severity of bleeding.

Classification

Lower GI bleeding can be classified into 3 groups based on the severity of bleeding:

• Occult lower GI bleeding
• Moderate lower GI bleeding
• Severe lower GI bleeding

	Severe lower GI bleeding	Moderate lower GI bleeding	Occult lower GI bleeding
Age	> 65 years	Occur at any age	Any age
Presenting symptoms	Hematochezia or bright red blood per rectum.	Hematochezia or melena	Symptoms of anemia (fatigue, tiredness)
Hemodynamics	Unstable	Stable	Stable
Lab findings	Hemoglobin equal to or less than 6 g/dl.	Microcytic anemia	Microcytic hypochromic anemia due to chronic blood loss.
Differential	Diverticulosis Angiodysplasia	Neoplastic disease Inflammatory Infectious Benign anorectal Congenital diseases	Inflammatory Neoplastic Congenital