Infectious colitis pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Qasim Salau, M.B.B.S., FMCPaed [2]

Overview

Infectious colitis occurs following invasion of colonic mucosa or attachment to the colonic mucosa by a micro-organism causing inflammation. Enteric pathogens that cause colitis are usually transmitted through fecal-oral route especially in children. Infectious colitis may also occur following antibiotics use, especially broad spectrum antibiotics. Infectious colitis may also be acquired as a sexually transmitted infection (STI) among individuals who practice unsafe anal sex especially among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Pathophysiology

Pathogenesis

Infectious colitis occurs following invasion of colonic mucosa or attachment to the colonic mucosa by a micro-organism causing inflammation

Pathogenesis of Infectious colitis

  • In MSM the pathogens are transmitted directly through overt or microabrasions in the rectal mucosa or indirectly during oral-anal contact.[2]

The pathogenesis, gross and microscopic pathology of infectious colitis will depend on the causative organism as follows:

References

  1. Levinson, Warren E (2006). Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology (9 ed.). McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-07-146031-6. Retrieved February 27, 2012.
  2. Template:Rompalo AM. Chapter 9: Proctitis and Proctocolitis. In Klausner JD, Hook III EW. CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. McGraw Hill Professional; 2007

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