HNRPA1

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1
PDB rendering based on 1ha1.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ha1​, 1l3k​, 1pgz​, 1po6​, 1u1k​, 1u1l​, 1u1m​, 1u1n​, 1u1o​, 1u1p​, 1u1q​, 1u1r​, 1up1​, 2h4m​, 2up1​
Identifiers
Symbols	HNRPA1 ; HNRNPA1; MGC102835
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 88614
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1, also known as HNRPA1, is a human gene.

This gene belongs to the A/B subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs. It is one of the most abundant core proteins of hnRNP complexes and it is localized to the nucleoplasm. This protein, along with other hnRNP proteins, is exported from the nucleus, probably bound to mRNA, and is immediately re-imported. Its M9 domain acts as both a nuclear localization and nuclear export signal. The encoded protein is involved in the packaging of pre-mRNA into hnRNP particles, transport of poly A+ mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and may modulate splice site selection. It is also thought have a primary role in the formation of specific myometrial protein species in parturition. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene but only two transcripts are fully described. These variants have multiple alternative transcription initiation sites and multiple polyA sites.

Further reading

• Kim S, Park GH, Paik WK (1999). "Recent advances in protein methylation: enzymatic methylation of nucleic acid binding proteins". Amino Acids. 15 (4): 291–306. PMID 9891755.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Buvoli M, Cobianchi F, Bestagno MG; et al. (1990). "Alternative splicing in the human gene for the core protein A1 generates another hnRNP protein". EMBO J. 9 (4): 1229–35. PMID 1691095.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Saccone S, Biamonti G, Maugeri S; et al. (1992). "Assignment of the human heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 gene (HNRPA1) to chromosome 12q13.1 by cDNA competitive in situ hybridization". Genomics. 12 (1): 171–4. PMID 1733858.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ghetti A, Bolognesi M, Cobianchi F, Morandi C (1991). "Modeling by homology of RNA binding domain in A1 hnRNP protein". FEBS Lett. 277 (1–2): 272–6. PMID 2176620.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Biamonti G, Buvoli M, Bassi MT; et al. (1989). "Isolation of an active gene encoding human hnRNP protein A1. Evidence for alternative splicing". J. Mol. Biol. 207 (3): 491–503. PMID 2760922.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Buvoli M, Biamonti G, Tsoulfas P; et al. (1988). "cDNA cloning of human hnRNP protein A1 reveals the existence of multiple mRNA isoforms". Nucleic Acids Res. 16 (9): 3751–70. PMID 2836799.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Riva S, Morandi C, Tsoulfas P; et al. (1986). "Mammalian single-stranded DNA binding protein UP I is derived from the hnRNP core protein A1". EMBO J. 5 (9): 2267–73. PMID 3023065.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Epplen C, Epplen JT (1994). "Expression of (cac)n/(gtg)n simple repetitive sequences in mRNA of human lymphocytes". Hum. Genet. 93 (1): 35–41. PMID 7505766.
• Siomi H, Dreyfuss G (1995). "A nuclear localization domain in the hnRNP A1 protein". J. Cell Biol. 129 (3): 551–60. PMID 7730395.
• Weighardt F, Biamonti G, Riva S (1995). "Nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of human hnRNP proteins: a search for the targeting domains in hnRNP A1". J. Cell. Sci. 108 ( Pt 2): 545–55. PMID 7769000.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Rajpurohit R, Lee SO, Park JO; et al. (1994). "Enzymatic methylation of recombinant heterogeneous nuclear RNP protein A1. Dual substrate specificity for S-adenosylmethionine:histone-arginine N-methyltransferase". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (2): 1075–82. PMID 8288564.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hamilton BJ, Nagy E, Malter JS; et al. (1993). "Association of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 and C proteins with reiterated AUUUA sequences". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (12): 8881–7. PMID 8473331.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Michael WM, Choi M, Dreyfuss G (1996). "A nuclear export signal in hnRNP A1: a signal-mediated, temperature-dependent nuclear protein export pathway". Cell. 83 (3): 415–22. PMID 8521471.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Black AC, Luo J, Chun S; et al. (1997). "Specific binding of polypyrimidine tract binding protein and hnRNP A1 to HIV-1 CRS elements". Virus Genes. 12 (3): 275–85. PMID 8883365.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. PMID 8889548.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Xu RM, Jokhan L, Cheng X; et al. (1997). "Crystal structure of human UP1, the domain of hnRNP A1 that contains two RNA-recognition motifs". Structure. 5 (4): 559–70. PMID 9115444.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Bonifaci N, Moroianu J, Radu A, Blobel G (1997). "Karyopherin beta2 mediates nuclear import of a mRNA binding protein". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (10): 5055–60. PMID 9144189.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Shamoo Y, Krueger U, Rice LM; et al. (1997). "Crystal structure of the two RNA binding domains of human hnRNP A1 at 1.75 A resolution". Nat. Struct. Biol. 4 (3): 215–22. PMID 9164463.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Neubauer G, King A, Rappsilber J; et al. (1998). "Mass spectrometry and EST-database searching allows characterization of the multi-protein spliceosome complex". Nat. Genet. 20 (1): 46–50. doi:10.1038/1700. PMID 9731529.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)